BMA: Key factors to enhance lifeboat safety

巴哈马海事局：关于提高救生艇安全的关键因素

The Bahamas Maritime Authority (BMA) has issued a Marine Notice to address the issue of lifeboat safety which has been the focus of considerable efforts over several years at the International Maritime Organization.

巴哈马海事局（BMA）发布了一项海事公告，以解决救生艇安全问题，这是国际海事组织多年来重点努力事项之一。

Lifeboat accidents have been attributed to multiple categories of failure, including:

救生艇事故可归因于多类故障，包括：

1. failure of on-load release gear (OLR);

1、救生艇承载释放装置（OLR）故障；

2. inadvertent operation of OLR mechanism;

2、救生艇承载释放装置机器设备的错误操作；

3. inadequate maintenance of lifeboats, davits and launching equipment;

3、救生艇、吊艇架和降落装置维护不足；

4. incorrect supply and fitting of equipment, not in accordance with manufacturer requirements;

4、提供的设备或设备的安装不正确，不符合制造商要求；

5. inadequate inspections including failure to identify defective equipment;

5、检查不充分，包括未能查出有缺陷的设备；

6. communication failure;

6、通信故障；

7. lack of familiarity with lifeboats, davits, equipment and associated controls;

7、不熟悉救生艇、吊艇架、救生设备和相关控制装置；

8. inadequate training impacting safe operation of equipment;

8、培训不充足，影响了设备的安全操作；

9. unsafe practices during lifeboat drills and inspections;

9. 救生艇演习和检查期间的不安全操作；

10、design faults other than OLR.

10. 救生艇承载释放装置（OLR）以外的设计错误。

Important factors to enhance the safety of lifeboats and release hooks include:

提高救生艇和释放钩安全性的重要因素包括：

1. maintenance and inspections must be carried out by a competent person to procedures that reflect the manufacturers’ instructions;

1、必须由适任人员依照制造商说明的程序，开展救生艇维护和检查；

2. maintenance and inspections must be recorded to provide objective evidence that these have been carried out according to manufacturer’s instructions;

2、救生艇的维护和检查情况必须记录，以提供客观证据，证明这些维护和检查是按照制造商的说明开展的；

3. the quality of crew training and familiarisation are directly affected by the frequency and quality of the drills carried out;

3、救生演习频次和质量将直接影响船员的培训质量和对设备的熟悉程度；

4. planning is essential to ensure drills are performed safely;

4、提前规划对于确保安全进行救生演习至关重要；

5. drills should be realistic but must not be hurried when familiarisation or other training is taking place;

5、应开展真实救生演习，在工作熟悉阶段或其他培训期间不能匆忙开展救生演习；

6. a crew debrief after each drill is essential to emphasise lessons learned or to give additional training where necessary.

6、每次演习后的船员汇报有助于强调经验教训，并判断是否需要提供额外培训。