The Procedure of Shipboard Drills

船上演习程序

1. Lifeboat drill

1.救生演习

The master must ensure that the person in charge of each lifeboat is notified before the drill,so that any necessary preparations prior to swing out to lowering the lifeboats can be made. Oncethe lifeboat drill is complete, the master should record it in the logbook and official logbook, and make any other reports as necessary.

船长必须确保在演习前通知每艘救生艇的负责人，以便在荡出救生艇放下救生艇之前做好任何必要的准备。救生艇演练完成后，船长应在航海日志和正式航海日志中记录，并根据需要作其他报告。

On hearing the general alarm (and the announcement on public address), all crew members should go to their lifeboat stations and muster.

听到总警报(及广播)后，全体船员应立即到所属救生艇站集合。

For the abandon ship drill, all crew should be checked for suitably dressed and lifejackets are correctly donned.

弃船演练时，应检查全体船员衣着是否得体，救生衣是否正确穿戴。

Those present should be checked and given instruction in accordance with their duties described in the muster list for abandon ship. Prepare the lifeboat for launching.

对在场人员，应当按照弃船集合表规定的职责进行检查和指导。准备救生艇下水。

Check whether it is safe or not for the gripes throwing out when the lifeboat is swung out.If not, they should be removed manually before launching.

当救生艇摇出水面时，检查抛出的木屑是否安全。如果没有，则应在启动前手动删除它们。

Once the lifeboat is ready, the office r in charge should, under master's approval, have the lifeboat lowered to the embarkation deck from their stowed position.

救生艇准备好后，经船长同意，主管部门应将救生艇从其存放位置降至登船甲板。

The lifeboat engine should be started and operated.

救生艇发动机应启动并操作。

Once the drill is completed, the lifeboat should be recovered to its stowed position and,should FPDs if fitted, remove them.

演练完成后，应将救生艇放回其存放位置，如果安装了防静电装置，则应将其移除。

Ensure the lifeboat is ready for immediately use.

确保救生艇准备好并能立即使用。

Give instruction in the use of radio lifesaving appliances, and the operation of davits used for launching liferafts if applicable.

指导无线电救生设备的使用，并在适用的情况下，指导用于投放救生筏的吊柱的操作。

2. Fire drill

2.消防演习

A fire drill should be carried out within 24 hours of the ship leaving port if more than 25% of the crew have not taken part in a fire drill within the preceding month, on that particular ship.

如果该船有超过25%的船员在前一个月内没有参加消防演习，则该船应在离港后24小时内进行消防演习。

A fire on board should be simulated.

应在船上模拟火灾。

The fire alarm should be sounded and the location of the fire announced on the PA system and portable radios.

应发出火警警报，并在广播系统和便携式收音机上公布火灾地点

Commence taking a log of events, including position of ship.

开始记录事件日志，包括船的位置

All crew should report to their nominated stations and preparing for their duties described in the muster list.

所有船员应到指定的地点报到，并准备履行集合单上所列的职责。

The communication systems between the bridge, on scene commander and engine room should be checked (engine room report to standby engines in simulate and start secondsteering motor and fire pump) Check fireman's outfit and other personal rescue equipment. Send a fire party, with radio, to investigate:

检查驾驶台、现场指挥员和机舱之间的通信系统(机舱向模拟中的备用发动机报告，启动第二转向电机和消防泵)检查消防员的装备和其他个人救援设备。派出一支消防小队，用无线电进行调查;

—location of fire; 火灾位置

—extent of fire; 火灾范围

—type of fire. 火灾类型

Isolate electrical supplies.

隔离电源。

Close down all ventilations related as quickly as possible(check the operation of watertightdoors, fire doors, fire dampers and main inlets and outlets of ventilation systems in thedrill area).

尽快关闭所有相关的通风设备(检查钻探区域的水密门、防火门、防火阀和通风系统的主要进出风口的运行情况)

The main fire pumps should be started and, where the scenario permits, the emergency fire pump should be started.

应启动主消防泵，在情况允许的情况下，应启动应急消防泵。

If the emergency fire pump is used, ensure that it can deliver at least two required jets of water to prove that the system is in proper working order.

如果使用应急消防泵，应确保消防泵至少能提供两道要求的喷水，以证明系统工作正常。

The emergency and backup party will respond to the fire depending on its location, type and size.

应急和后备方将根据火灾的位置、类型和大小作出反应。

Carry out a search for any missing persons(if applicable).

搜寻失踪人士(如果适用的话)

Check the necessary arrangements for subsequent abandoning of the ship.

检查后续弃船的必要安排。

If breathing apparatus is used, the appropriate entries should be made on the BA board.

如果使用了呼吸器，应在呼吸器板上作适当的登记。

Hand steering and both steering motors should engaged(if applicable) to simulate the turning of vessel(if on fire for real these techniques would be used to minimize the windeffect on the fire).

手操舵和两个操舵电机(如果适用的话)应该参与模拟船舶的转向(如果真的着火，这些技术将用于最小化风对火灾的影响)。

Make an updated PA announcement to crew after drill.

在训练结束后向全体人员发布实时广播。

3. Emergency steering drill

3.应急操舵演习

Emergency steering drill provides the necessary training and practice to ensure that, in the event of a steering gear bridge control system malfunction, the crew are properly trained to—regain control of the ship's rudder promptly by engaging the emergency steering system.

紧急操舵演习提供必要的培训和实践，以确保在舵机驾驶台控制系统出现故障的情况下，船员得到适当的培训，通过启动紧急操舵系统，迅速重新控制船舶的舵。

The master and chief engineer should plan the drill taking into account any possible risks.

船长和轮机长应考虑到任何可能的风险来计划演习。

The master is in charge of the drill and should ensure that the vessel has sufficient sea room for manoeuvring before proceeding.

船长负责演习，在进行前应确保船舶有足够的海上操作空间。

The chief officer will brief and give instructions to members of the team and should be present in the steering station.

大副将向车队成员简要介绍并发出指示，并应出现在操舵站。

The second engineer will brief the team members about the technical/mechanical aspects and will oversee the changeover from bridge control to emergency steering control. He should also be present in the steering station.

大管轮将向团队成员简要介绍技术/机械方面的情况，并监督从驾驶台控制到紧急转向控制的转换。他也应该出现在驾驶站。

An OOW will accompany the master on the bridge remaining his/her duty of navigation onwatch.

值班员将陪同船长在驾驶台上值班，履行其航行值班职责。

Members of the deck crew should be available to assist in the steering station.

甲板上的船员应在舵台协助工作。

4. Enclosed space rescue: training and drills

4.封闭空间救援:训练与演练

　Rescue from an enclosed space is one of the drills that should be conducted on board every two months. The enclosed space entry and rescue drills, as an amendment to SOLAS Regulation Ⅲ/19, has been mandatory Since 1st January, 2015, which will require crew members with enclosed space entry or rescue responsibilities to participate in an enclosed space entry and rescue drill at least once every two months. Such drills would also be prudent before conducting of tank inspection/survey, ship repair or drydock. Enclosed space entry and rescue drills must be planned and conducted taking account of the recommendations in IMO Resolution A.1050(27).

封闭空间救援是船上每两个月应进行的训练之一。封闭空间进入和救援演习，作为海上人命安全公约Ⅲ/19的修正案，自2015年1月1日起强制执行，这将要求具有封闭空间进入或救援责任的船员至少每两个月参加一次封闭空间进入和救援演习。在进行油罐检查/测量、船舶修理或干船坞之前，这种演习也是谨慎的。封闭空间进入和救援演习必须考虑到国际海事组织第A.1050(27)号决议中的建议进行规划和实施。

　Once the general alarm is sounded, an announcement should be made explaining the nature of the emergency.

一旦总警报响起，应发布公告，说明紧急情况的性质。

All personnel on board must proceed to their muster stations.

船上所有人员必须前往集合地点。

The standby crew at the enclosed space should remain at the point of entry, remaining in communication with the bridge and emergency team. On mustering at the(EmergencyHeadquarter)EHQ, the first two men arriving should immediately don and test their SCBA(this can save valuable time).

封闭空间的备用船员应留在入口点，与驾驶台和应急小组保持联系。在(紧急指挥部)EHQ集合时，头两个到达的人应该立即穿上并测试他们的自给式呼吸器(这可以节省宝贵的时间)。

Each member of the rescue team must be trained to carry out specific duties for the primary roles of the emergency team, for example:

救援队的每一名成员都必须接受培训，以履行应急小组主要职责的具体职责，例如:

—rescue of a casualty;

—抢救伤员;

—emergency entry to an enclosed space or smoke filled compartment;

—紧急进入封闭空间或烟雾弥漫的隔间；

—firefighting.

—灭火。

The officer in charge(OIC) is responsible for assessing the dangers involved in the rescue and for giving clear instructions to all members of the rescue party.

主管人员(OIC)负责评估救援中涉及的危险，并向救援队伍的所有成员发出明确的指示。

In each case, the OIC should assess whether the enclosed space rescue is:

在各种情况下，主管人员应评估封闭空间救援是否:

—any injury in an enclosed space?

—在封闭空间有受伤吗?

—crew member suffering oxygen-deficient in an enclosed space?

—船员在封闭空间缺氧?

The OIC should determine what rescue equipment is required from the EHQ.、

主管人员应决定需要从紧急指挥部获得哪些救援设备。

The OIC should check what rescue equipment is at the point of entry.

主管人员应检查入境点有哪些救援设备。

　One member of the rescue team should be responsible for first aid, particularly maintaining airways, reducing blood loss and conducting CPR.

救援队的一名成员应负责急救，特别是维持气道，减少失血和进行心肺复苏术。

It is important that clear and regular communications are maintained throughout.

在整个过程中保持清晰和定期的沟通是很重要的。

　The pressure gauges on the SCBA air tanks must be checked and their values recorded at the time of entry into the enclosed space, with a note of the time of entry and the time available.

在进入封闭空间时，必须检查自给式呼吸器气罐上的压力表，并记录其值，并注明进入时间和可用时间。

The OIC should remain outside the enclosed area and liaise with the bridge and the rescue team.

主管人员应留在封闭区域外，并与驾驶室和救援队联络。

A suitably equipped two ( or three ) person rescue team should enter the area.

一支装备适当的二人(或三人)救援队应进入该地区。

The rescue team must notify the OIC once casualties have been found. If any first aid is required, the rescue team will carry it out. including placing a resuscitator on the casualty if necessary.

一旦发现人员伤亡，救援队必须通知主管人员。如果需要急救，则由救援队执行。包括必要时在伤员身上放置复苏器。

Once the casualty is prepared for evacuation, consideration should be given for the use of a stretcher.

一旦伤员准备好撤离，就应该考虑使用担架。

If resuscitation was required, correct procedure should be followed and the casualty response should be checked.

如果需要复苏，应遵循正确的程序，并检查伤员反应。

Once the drill has been completed, the ship's staff should be debriefed.

一旦演习完成，应向船上的工作人员进行汇报。

SCBA bottles must be recharged immediately after the drill.

自给式呼吸器气瓶在演习结束后必须立刻补给。

5. Oil spill response drill

5.溢油应急演习

An oil spill contingency plan will have very little value if those who are involved do not have adequate training to properly carry out the actions identified in the plan.

如果相关人员没有接受足够的培训来正确执行计划中确定的行动，那么石油泄漏应急计划将没有多大价值。

Oil spill response drills should vary taking account of the operation, size of the spill and the weather. Consideration should be given to the use of water on deck to simulate oil flow.

溢油应急演习应根据作业、溢油规模和天气情况而有所不同。应考虑利用甲板上的水来模拟油流。

All operations on board must be stopped. The cargo pumps must be stopped immediately and the ESD (Emergency Shut Down) Activated.

所有船上的操作都必须停止。必须立即停止货油泵，并启动ESD(紧急关闭)。

The general alarm should be sounded to alert the crew that they should muster at their designated positions.

应发出总警报，提醒全体船员到指定位置集合。

An announcement should be made on the PA explaining the nature of the spill.

应该在广播电台上发布公告，解释泄漏的性质。

The source of the oil spill should be identified to determine what immediate actions need to be taken.

应查明石油泄漏的来源，以确定需要立即采取的行动。

The toxic nature of the spill and the risk of fire should be assessed and all necessary precautions should be taken.

应评估泄漏物的毒性和火灾风险，并采取一切必要的预防措施。

The appropriate Pollution Prevention Equipment (PPE) should be used.

应使用适当的污染防护设备。

Check that the scuppers are closed and, if necessary on oil tankers, isolate and depressurise the slop tanks and open the oil emergency drain.

检查排水孔是否关闭，如有必要，对油轮上的污水舱进行隔离和减压，并打开应急泄油口。

The oil containment pumps should be appropriately positioned.

应适当放置防油泵。

If it is likely that there will be a gas leak or a fire , the main and auxiliary air conditioning plants should be changed over to recirculation. It is important that all the vents are shut and that the exhaust fans are isolated.

如果有可能发生燃气泄漏或火灾，应将主、辅空调机组改为再循环。重要的是，所有的通风口都要关闭，排气扇要隔离。

The crew should clean up the spilled oil, whether by oil containment pumps,draining to the slop tank or mopping up with sawdust/oil absorbent granules.

船员应清理溢出的石油，无论是通过防油泵，排到污水舱，还是用锯末/吸油颗粒擦拭。

Simulate storage of the recovered oil in a safe location until it can be disposed of safely and correctly.

模拟将回收的石油储存在一个安全的地方，直到它可以安全正确地处理。

6. Hull damage/Flooding ( damage control ) drill

6.船体损伤/淹水(损伤控制)演练

Sound the emergency signal and make an announcement indicating where on the ship the emergency/damage has occurred.

发出紧急信号并广播，表明在船上发生紧急情况/损坏的位置。

Check the remote tank gauging devices from the control room to get an overview of the situation.

从控制室检查远程储罐测量装置，以获得总体情况。

All watertight doors must be closed immediately. with confirmation of closure of each watertight door reported to the bridge/master.After satisfying their operation for the drill, the doors can be reopened.

所有水密门必须立即关闭。确认每个水密门关闭后，向驾驶台/船长报告。在其满意对演习的操作后，门可以重新打开。

Any doors that were already closed when the drill started must be opened and then closed.

演习开始时已经关闭的所有门必须打开，然后再关闭。

Reduced speed or stopping the engine should be simulated.

应模拟减速或停止发动机

The extent of the damage/breach must be established and an attempt made to contain the leak or flood.

必须确定损坏/破裂的程度，并试图控制泄漏或洪水。

If the vessel is listing, a way of reducing the water inflow needs to be considered.

如果船舶倾斜，则需要考虑减少进水的方法。

Assess the current situation taking into account the weather, location,damage sustained, stability , environmental concerns including pollution,and available support.

考虑到天气、地点、持续破坏、稳定性、环境问题(包括污染)和可用的支持来评估当前的情况。

A note of the time and the ship’s position should be taken.This information should be passed to the officer who is operating the GMDSS station.

要把时间和船的位置记录下来。此信息应传递给操作全球遇险系统台站的人员。

A simulation of notifying the coastguard and relevant authorities should be carried out.

应进行通报海警和有关当局的模拟。

The plan should be carried out in consultation with the company as well as simulating broadcasts to other ships in the area.

该计划应与该公司协商，并向该地区的其他船舶模拟广播。

Crew members who have been assigned to sounding duty must immediately sound the tank and bilges in the section of the ship where the drill is being carried out. A member of the sounding party must communicate with the officer in charge and the chief engineer.

被派去执行探空任务的船员必须立即对正在进行演习的船段的水罐和舱底进行探空。探测队的一名成员必须与负责的大副和轮机长联络。

Pumps that relate to damage control must be operated by the engine room and connected to the area of the ship where the drill is being carried out.

与损害控制有关的泵必须由机舱操作，并连接到正在进行钻井的船舶区域。

The bridge must be informed when the pumps are ready for action.

当泵准备好启动时，必须通知驾驶室。

The ship’s side doors, valves and similar fittings must be closed ( if they are open in port).

船舶的侧门、阀门和类似配件必须关闭(如果它们在港口是打开的)。

The bridge should be informed once they have been closed.

一旦他们被关闭，应该通知驾驶室。

The lifeboats should be prepared and the possibility of abandoning ship considered.

应准备好救生艇，并考虑弃船的可能性。

The accommodation air conditioning may need to be changed to recirculation.

住宿空调可能需要改为再循环。

7. Man overboard drill

7.人员落水演习

A simulation of the bridge wing smoke/light lifebuoy being released to indicate man overboard should be carried out. A marker may be released.

应模拟释放桥翼烟雾/灯光救生圈以指示有人落水。可以释放标记。

The steering should be changed to manual and both steering motors need to be on, if applicable, wheel placed hard over so that the stern of the vessel is maneuverd clear of the man overboard.

转向应改为手动，两个转向电机都需要打开，如果适用的话，把轮子硬放在船尾，这样船的船尾就不会有落水的人。

The emergency alarm ( three long blasts )should be sounded and “man overboard " announced on the ship's PA system and portable radio sets ,indicating on which side man overboard.

应鸣响紧急警报(三声长响)，并在船上的广播系统和便携式收音机上宣布“有人落水”，指示哪一侧有人落水。

On the GPS/ECDIS activate the “man overboard"and record the position.

在全球定位系统/电子海图上启动“船员落水”并记录位置。

The MOB position should be plotted and additional lookouts instructed to keep the MOB in sight.

落水人员的位置应该被绘制出来，并指示额外的瞭望台保持落水人员的视线。

The vessel must carry out the appropriate maneuver (Williamson turn ,etc) to return to the MOB position.

船舶必须进行适当的机动(威廉姆森转向等)返回到落水人员位置。

Engines should be ready for immediate maneuver and thrusters made available.

发动机应准备好立即机动，推进器应准备就绪。

The daylight signalling: lamp and search lights must be ready for use and an additional crew member should be available on the bridge to help with their operation.

日光信号灯和探照灯必须准备就绪，并应在驾驶室上有一名额外的船员协助操作。

The ship's hospital should be prepared to treat hypothermia and provide blankets/warm drinks to the main deck/point of rescue.

船上医务室应准备好治疗体温过低，并向主甲板/救援点提供毯子/热饮。

The authorities and other ships in the area must be alerted. Activate Digital Selective Calling (DSC) procedure for man overboard.

当局和该地区的其他船只必须得到通知。启动数字选择呼叫(DSC)程序。

The lifeboat or rescue boat should be prepared for launching.●The vessel’s speed should be reduced.

救生艇或救助艇应准备下水。船的速度应该降低。

The gangways, gangway net, heaving lines, and lifebuoys with lines should all be prepared so that they are ready to use.

舷梯、舷梯网、吊缆和带缆的救生圈均应准备就绪，以便随时使用。

Once the MOB is recovered, notify the Company.

一旦落水人员获救，报告公司。

General Notes:

一般注意事项：

The MOB should be on the leeside of the ship while the ship approaching from upwind.

当船舶从逆风靠近时，落水人员应该在船的背面。

On passage,this drill will typically take one hour of steaming time.You should be prepared to utilize any opportunities that present themselves when the ship has time in hand and can safely complete an MOB drill and associated maneuver.

在通道，这种演习通常需要一个小时的航行时间。你应该准备利用任何机会，当船舶正在进行演习时展现自己，可以安全地完成落水人员演习和相关的机动。

8. Blackout/Power failure-bridge response

8.停电/电源故障桥接响应

These procedures may form part of the master’s standing orders.

这些程序可以构成船长常设命令的一部分。

Magnetic compass heading should be observed.

应注意磁罗经航向。

Change to manual steering and steer using the magnetic compass.

改为手动转向，使用磁罗经转向。

The position of the vessel should be checked for any navigational dangers or hazards.

应检查船舶的位置是否存在航行危险或危险。

Any equipment that may be affected by a power surge when the power returns should be switched off. This includes radars,ARPA,ECDIS.

当电源返回时，任何可能受到电涌影响的设备都应关闭。这包括雷达，自动雷达绘图辅助设备,电子海图。

Confirm that the emergency generator has started automatically and that designated equipment is actually receiving power.

确认应急发电机已自动启动，指定设备已实际接收电力。

Optimize the remaining steerage way so that the vessel can be maneuverd into a safe position or desired heading, taking into account the wind direction and any resultant drift. The vessel should simulate the display of NUC light signals/shapes and a warning broadcast made to all other traffic in the area.

在考虑风向和任何由此产生的漂移的情况下，优化剩余的操舵方式，使船舶可以被操纵到一个安全的位置或期望的航向。船舶应模拟显示失控船灯光信号/形状，并向该区域内所有其他船只发出警告广播

The AIS should be set to NUC.

船舶自动识别系统应该被设置为失控船

Determine what steps should be taken to restore the power.

确定应该采取哪些步骤来恢复电力。

The local coastguard,VTS and port authorities should be informed of the loss of power. They should also be kept update regularly.

应通知当地海岸警卫队、船舶交通服务和港口当局断电情况。它们也应该定期更新

If necessary, the general emergency alarm should be sounded. This ensures that all hands are on standby for any possible emergency.

必要时，应拉响一般紧急警报。这确保了所有人手都在待命，以应对任何可能的紧急情况。

If the vessel is in shallow waters, prepare to carry out emergency anchoring.

如果船舶在浅水区，准备进行紧急锚泊。 

The company should be notified of the power loss and appropriate log entries made of the power loss.

应通知公司断电情况，并将断电情况记入相应的日志。