General：总则

本部分旨在明确货油舱特涂工艺的整体规范与指导原则，为后续所有特涂相关操作提供基础框架。涵盖工艺实施的总体目标、适用范围、基本要求以及各参与方的职责划分等内容。强调在整个特涂过程中，需严格遵循相关国际标准、行业规范及项目特定要求，确保货油舱特涂质量符合设计及使用需求，保障货油舱的安全运行与使用寿命。同时，明确本工艺文件的权威性，所有参与特涂施工、管理、监督的人员均需熟悉并严格执行本总则中的各项规定。

 

Coating System：油漆配套

详细列出货油舱特涂所采用的油漆体系构成，包括底漆、中间漆、面漆等各层油漆的型号、品牌、性能参数及配比要求。说明不同油漆层之间的兼容性，确保各层油漆能够紧密结合，形成完整、有效的防护涂层。同时，根据货油舱所装载货物的特性（如腐蚀性、温度等），阐述所选油漆配套的适用性，以及在特殊情况下的油漆调整方案。此外，还需注明油漆的储存条件、保质期及使用前的检验要求，确保油漆质量符合施工标准。

 

Technical Matters：技术事项

涉及货油舱特涂过程中的各类技术细节与注意事项。包括油漆施工环境的技术要求，如温度、湿度、通风条件等对涂装质量的影响及控制措施；油漆混合、搅拌的技术规范，确保油漆成分均匀；不同涂装工艺（如喷漆、辊涂、刷涂）对应的技术参数，如喷涂压力、涂层厚度控制等。同时，涵盖与特涂相关的设备技术要求，如喷涂设备、打磨设备的性能标准及维护保养要点。另外，还需明确技术文件的编制、审核与传递流程，确保施工过程中的技术信息准确、及时传达。

 

Working Procedure For The Cargo Tank Coating：货油舱特涂施工程序

系统描述货油舱特涂从准备阶段到竣工交验的整体流程步骤。首先是施工前的准备工作，包括施工方案的制定、人员培训、设备及材料的准备与检查、货油舱的清洁与预处理规划等。接着按照表面预处理、涂漆、检测、修补等环节依次阐述各阶段的操作顺序、衔接要求及关键控制点。明确每个工序的开始条件和结束标准，确保施工过程有序推进，上一工序未达到要求不得进入下一工序。同时，规定各工序的记录要求，为后续质量追溯提供依据。

 

Detail Process：具体工艺过程

对货油舱特涂施工程序中的每个环节进行更细致的分解与说明。例如，在表面预处理阶段，详细描述喷砂、扫砂的具体操作方法，包括喷砂材料的选择、喷砂压力、喷砂角度、表面粗糙度的要求及检测方法等；在涂漆阶段，分别对喷漆、辊涂、刷涂的具体操作步骤进行阐述，如喷漆时的喷枪移动速度、距离被涂表面的距离，辊涂时的辊子选择及操作力度等。此外，还包括各工艺过程中的时间间隔要求，如底漆涂装后到中间漆涂装前的最短和最长间隔时间等。

 

Painting Scheme：油漆明细表

以表格形式清晰呈现货油舱特涂所用各类油漆的详细信息。包括油漆名称、型号规格、生产厂家、每道涂层的干膜厚度要求、理论涂布率、实际用量估算、适用部位及涂装道数等内容。同时，注明各油漆的颜色、固化方式（如常温固化、热固化）及干燥时间等参数，方便施工人员查阅和使用，确保油漆的选用和使用符合工艺要求。

 

Coating Sequence：油漆程序

明确货油舱特涂过程中各层油漆的涂装先后顺序及相关要求。规定底漆、中间漆、面漆等的涂装顺序，说明每层油漆涂装前对上一层油漆的表面处理要求（如轻打磨、清洁等）。同时，阐述在不同部位（如货油舱内壁、舱底、舱顶等）的油漆涂装顺序差异，以及在特殊结构（如焊缝、边角等）处的涂装顺序和处理方法，确保涂层形成连续、均匀的防护体系。

 

Holiday Detection：针孔测试

阐述货油舱特涂过程中及完成后进行针孔测试的相关规定。包括测试的时机（如每道涂层涂装干燥后、最终涂层完成后等）、所使用的测试设备（如高压电火花检测仪）、测试电压的选择标准（根据涂层厚度确定）。说明测试的操作方法，如检测仪探头的移动速度、覆盖范围等，以及发现针孔缺陷后的标记和修补要求，确保涂层无针孔，具备良好的防渗漏性能。

 

Heat Curing of The Coating System：热固化

针对需要热固化的涂层系统，详细说明热固化的工艺要求。包括热固化的设备、升温速率、固化温度、保温时间及降温速率等参数。明确在热固化过程中的温度监测点设置及监测频率，确保货油舱各部位的涂层均能达到规定的固化温度和时间。同时，阐述热固化前的准备工作（如涂层表面检查、设备调试等）及热固化后的冷却处理要求，保障热固化效果符合涂层性能标准。

 

Salt Water Test & Repair of Defects After Completion：海水浸泡实验及修补

规定货油舱特涂完成后进行海水浸泡实验的具体流程和要求。包括实验用海水的标准、浸泡时间、浸泡过程中的检查项目（如涂层是否出现起泡、剥落、变色等现象）。若实验中发现缺陷，详细说明缺陷的修补方法，如对缺陷部位的表面处理（打磨、清洁等）、修补用油漆的选择及涂装要求，确保修补后的涂层性能与原涂层一致。同时，明确修补后的再次检验要求，直至涂层完全符合验收标准。

 

Acceptance：竣工交验

阐述货油舱特涂工程竣工交验的条件、流程及标准。交验条件包括所有特涂工序已完成、各项检测（如针孔测试、厚度检测、海水浸泡实验等）结果合格、施工记录完整齐全等。交验流程包括施工单位自检合格后提交验收申请、监理单位及业主单位组织验收小组进行现场检查、查阅相关资料等。验收标准则依据设计要求、相关规范及本工艺文件的规定，对涂层的外观、厚度、附着力、针孔等项目进行判定，合格后方可通过验收。

 

Surface preparation：表面预处理

详细说明货油舱特涂前的表面预处理操作。包括对舱内金属表面的除锈处理（如喷砂除锈），要求达到规定的除锈等级（如 Sa2.5 级），去除表面的氧化皮、铁锈、油污、灰尘等杂质。同时，对表面的粗糙度进行控制，使其符合油漆涂装的要求。预处理完成后，需对表面进行清洁，确保无残留的砂粒、粉尘等，并在规定时间内进行涂漆，防止表面再次生锈。

 

Secondary surface preparation：二次除锈

针对货油舱在焊接、装配等过程中对已预处理表面造成的损坏（如局部锈蚀、焊渣等），进行二次除锈处理。明确二次除锈的范围、方法（如手工打磨、动力工具打磨等）及除锈等级要求，确保损坏部位的表面达到涂漆标准。二次除锈后，同样需要进行表面清洁，去除处理过程中产生的碎屑、粉尘等。

 

Paint application：涂漆

概述货油舱特涂中涂漆操作的总体要求。包括涂漆前对油漆的搅拌、稀释（如需要）的规范，确保油漆均匀一致。强调涂漆过程中需控制涂层厚度，避免出现漏涂、流挂、针孔等缺陷。同时，说明涂漆环境的控制，如温度、湿度需在规定范围内，必要时采取通风、加热或降温等措施，以保证涂漆质量。

 

Spray - paint：喷漆

详细描述喷漆操作的具体要求。包括喷漆设备的选择（如高压无气喷涂机）、喷枪的型号及调试，确保喷漆压力、雾化效果符合要求。规定喷漆时的走枪速度、距离被涂表面的距离、喷涂角度等参数，以获得均匀的涂层厚度。同时，说明喷漆的顺序（如先内后外、先上后下等），以及对边角、焊缝等部位的喷涂处理方法，确保这些部位得到充分覆盖。

 

Roller：滚筒、辊子

阐述使用滚筒、辊子进行涂漆的操作规范。说明滚筒、辊子的选择（如材质、尺寸等）应根据油漆类型和施工部位确定。规定辊涂时的操作方法，如滚筒的蘸漆量、滚涂方向（纵横交错）、滚涂力度等，以保证涂层均匀，避免出现滚痕、漏涂等问题。同时，强调在使用后对滚筒、辊子的清洁保养要求，以便重复使用。

 

Brush：漆刷

说明使用漆刷进行涂漆的操作要点。适用于边角、狭窄部位等喷漆和辊涂难以到达的地方。规定漆刷的类型和尺寸选择，涂漆时的涂刷方向和力度，确保涂层均匀附着。要求漆刷使用前需进行清洁处理，避免将杂质带入油漆中，使用后及时清洗保养。

 

Clean：清洁

强调货油舱特涂过程中各环节的清洁要求。包括施工前对货油舱内部的整体清洁，去除灰尘、杂物等；表面预处理后的清洁，去除锈渣、砂粒等；涂漆前对表面的清洁，确保无油污、粉尘等；以及施工过程中对工具、设备的清洁，防止油漆污染。明确清洁所使用的工具（如压缩空气吹扫、抹布擦拭等）和清洁剂（如专用溶剂）的要求，确保清洁效果符合工艺标准。

 

Grind：打磨

详细说明打磨操作的用途和方法。在表面预处理后、涂漆前或涂层修补时，对表面进行打磨，以提高涂层的附着力。规定打磨所使用的工具（如角磨机、砂纸等）和打磨精度要求，打磨后表面应平整、无毛刺、无光泽。同时，打磨后需对表面进行清洁，去除打磨产生的粉尘。

 

Sandblast, sweepblast：喷砂，扫砂

详细阐述喷砂和扫砂操作。喷砂用于货油舱表面的预处理，通过高速喷射磨料（如石英砂、钢丸等）去除表面的锈蚀和杂质，达到规定的除锈等级。规定喷砂的压力、磨料的粒度和硬度、喷射角度和距离等参数。扫砂则用于清除喷砂后表面残留的磨料和粉尘，确保表面清洁。明确扫砂的工具和操作方法，如使用压缩空气带动细砂进行吹扫，确保表面无残留杂质。

 

Paint：涂装、涂料

涵盖涂料的选择、储存、使用及涂装过程的总体要求。涂料的选择需根据货油舱的使用环境、装载货物特性等因素确定，确保其具有良好的耐腐蚀性、附着力等性能。涂料的储存应符合说明书要求，避免阳光直射、高温或低温环境。涂装过程中需严格按照工艺要求进行，保证涂层质量。

 

Thinner：稀料、稀释剂

说明稀料、稀释剂的使用规范。稀料仅在必要时用于调节油漆的粘度，以适应涂漆工艺的要求。规定稀料的种类必须与所用油漆相匹配，严禁混用不同类型的稀料。明确稀料的添加量，需按照油漆说明书的规定进行，不得随意增减，以免影响油漆的性能。

 

Primer：底漆

阐述底漆的作用和涂装要求。底漆直接涂覆在经过预处理的金属表面，起到防锈、增强与基材附着力的作用。规定底漆的涂装厚度、涂装方法（如喷漆）及干燥时间，确保底漆均匀覆盖表面，无漏涂、针孔等缺陷。底漆涂装后需进行检查，合格后方可进行下一道涂层的施工。

 

Finish coating：面漆、完工漆

说明面漆的性能要求和涂装规范。面漆是货油舱特涂的最外层涂层，需具备良好的耐介质性、耐候性、装饰性等性能。规定面漆的涂装厚度、涂装方法及外观要求（如平整、光滑、颜色均匀等）。面漆涂装完成后，需进行全面检查，确保无流挂、橘皮、针孔等缺陷，符合竣工交验标准。

 

Epoxy：环氧

介绍环氧类油漆的特性和应用范围。环氧油漆具有良好的附着力、耐腐蚀性和耐磨性，适用于货油舱等腐蚀环境较严重的部位。说明环氧油漆的固化方式（如常温固化或加热固化）、涂装要求及适用的稀释剂类型，确保其性能得到充分发挥。

 

Alkyd：醇酸树脂

阐述醇酸树脂油漆的特点和使用要求。醇酸树脂油漆具有较好的光泽和装饰性，干燥速度适中，但耐腐蚀性相对较弱，适用于一些腐蚀环境较轻的部位或作为中间涂层。规定其涂装方法和干燥条件，以及与其他类型油漆的配套使用要求。

 

Bitumen：沥青

说明沥青类油漆的性能和应用场景。沥青油漆具有良好的耐水性和耐化学腐蚀性，但装饰性较差，常用于货油舱的底部等对外观要求不高但防腐要求较高的部位。明确其涂装方法、固化条件及储存要求。

 

Acrylic：丙烯酸的

介绍丙烯酸类油漆的特性。丙烯酸油漆具有优异的耐候性、保光性和耐化学性，干燥速度快，适用于货油舱的外部或光照较强的部位。说明其涂装要求、稀释剂的选择及与其他涂层的兼容性。

 

Polyurethane：聚氨酯

阐述聚氨酯油漆的性能和应用。聚氨酯油漆具有良好的耐磨性、耐腐蚀性、耐候性和装饰性，适用于对涂层性能要求较高的货油舱部位。规定其涂装方法（如喷漆）、固化条件（需注意环境湿度）及与其他油漆的配套使用规范。

 

Zinc Silicate：无机硅酸锌

说明无机硅酸锌油漆的特点和使用要求。无机硅酸锌油漆具有优异的防锈性能和耐高温性，常用于货油舱的底漆或高温环境下的涂层。规定其涂装前的表面处理要求（如除锈等级）、涂装厚度及固化方式（通常需要高温固化）。

 

Cargo tank：货油舱

明确货油舱的定义和特涂范围。货油舱是用于装载货物油的舱室，其内壁及相关部件需要进行特涂处理以防止腐蚀。说明货油舱的结构特点对特涂工艺的影响，如舱内的肋骨、扶强材等部位的涂装要求。

 

Cargo slop tank：货油污油舱

阐述货油污油舱的特涂要求。货油污油舱用于收集货油舱清洗产生的污油，其内部环境较为恶劣，特涂工艺需选择耐油性和耐腐蚀性更强的油漆配套，涂装过程中需特别注意边角和焊缝部位的处理。

 

Residual oil tank：货油泄放舱

说明货油泄放舱的特涂规范。货油泄放舱用于储存货油泄放的残余油，其特涂要求与货油舱类似，但需根据其具体使用情况调整油漆配套和施工工艺。

 

Tank boundaries：液舱限界面

明确液舱限界面的特涂范围和要求。液舱限界面是指货油舱与其他舱室或结构的交界部位，特涂时需确保涂层覆盖完整，避免出现漏涂现象，防止界面积液导致的腐蚀。

 

Hatch cover：舱口盖

阐述舱口盖的特涂要求。舱口盖经常开启和关闭，且暴露在外部环境中，特涂需选择耐候性、耐磨性较好的油漆配套，涂装时需注意其表面的平整度和涂层的附着力。

 

Hatch coaming：舱口围

说明舱口围的特涂规范。舱口围位于舱口盖下方，易受到雨水、货物等的侵蚀，特涂时需保证涂层的连续性和密封性，防止锈蚀。

 

检查与验收相关

Inspection：检查

详细说明货油舱特涂过程中的检查环节和要求。包括表面预处理后的检查（如除锈等级、粗糙度、清洁度等）、每道涂层涂装后的检查（如厚度、外观、针孔等）、施工过程中的工艺参数检查（如涂漆环境温度、湿度等）。明确检查的方法、频率和标准，由专人负责记录检查结果，对不合格项及时提出整改要求。

 

Approve：认可、通过

阐述认可、通过的程序和标准。当某一工序或检测项目经检查符合要求后，由监理单位或业主单位进行认可。认可需以书面形式确认，作为进入下一工序或最终验收的依据。对于需要返工整改的项目，整改完成后重新进行检查和认可。

 

Defect list：消除意见清单

说明消除意见清单的编制和使用。在检查过程中发现的缺陷，需详细记录在消除意见清单中，包括缺陷的位置、类型、程度等信息。清单需下发给施工单位，施工单位根据清单进行整改，整改完成后将清单反馈给检查单位进行复查，直至所有缺陷消除。

 

Memorandum：备忘录

阐述备忘录的用途和内容。在货油舱特涂施工过程中，对于一些重要的会议决定、技术变更、问题处理结果等，需形成备忘录。备忘录需详细记录相关事项的时间、参与人员、内容及结论，作为施工过程的重要资料存档，以备后续查阅和追溯。

CARGO TANK LINING PROCEDURE (Cargo Tank Special Coating Process)

General：General Provisions

This section aims to clarify the overall specifications and guiding principles for the special coating process of cargo tanks, providing a basic framework for all subsequent coating - related operations. It covers the overall objectives, scope of application, basic requirements of the process implementation, as well as the division of responsibilities among various participants. It emphasizes that during the entire special coating process, relevant international standards, industry norms, and project - specific requirements must be strictly followed to ensure that the quality of the special coating for cargo tanks meets the design and usage needs, and to guarantee the safe operation and service life of the cargo tanks. At the same time, it clarifies the authority of this process document, and all personnel involved in the construction, management, and supervision of the special coating must be familiar with and strictly implement the provisions in this general section.

Coating System：Paint System

It details the composition of the paint system used for the special coating of cargo tanks, including the type, brand, performance parameters, and proportioning requirements of primers, intermediate coats, topcoats, and other layers of paint. It explains the compatibility between different paint layers to ensure that each layer of paint can be closely bonded to form a complete and effective protective coating. Additionally, based on the characteristics of the cargo to be loaded in the cargo tank (such as corrosiveness, temperature, etc.), it elaborates on the applicability of the selected paint system and the paint adjustment plan under special circumstances. In addition, it should indicate the storage conditions, shelf life, and inspection requirements before use of the paint to ensure that the paint quality meets the construction standards.

Technical Matters：Technical Issues

It involves various technical details and precautions in the process of special coating for cargo tanks. Including the technical requirements for the paint construction environment, such as the impact of temperature, humidity, ventilation conditions on the coating quality and control measures; the technical specifications for paint mixing and stirring to ensure uniform paint composition; the technical parameters corresponding to different coating processes (such as spray painting, roller coating, brush painting), such as spray pressure, coating thickness control, etc. At the same time, it covers the technical requirements for equipment related to special coating, such as the performance standards and maintenance points of spraying equipment and grinding equipment. In addition, it is necessary to clarify the preparation, review, and transmission process of technical documents to ensure that the technical information during the construction process is accurately and timely communicated.

Working Procedure For The Cargo Tank Coating：Construction Procedure for Special Coating of Cargo Tanks

It systematically describes the overall process steps of the special coating of cargo tanks from the preparation stage to the completion and acceptance. Firstly, the preparation work before construction, including the formulation of the construction plan, personnel training, preparation and inspection of equipment and materials, cleaning and pre - treatment planning of the cargo tank, etc. Then, it elaborates on the operation sequence, connection requirements, and key control points of each stage in the order of surface pre - treatment, painting, inspection, repair, etc. It clarifies the start conditions and end standards of each process to ensure the orderly progress of the construction process, and the next process can only be entered if the previous process meets the requirements. At the same time, it specifies the recording requirements for each process to provide a basis for subsequent quality traceability.

Detail Process：Specific Process

It decomposes and explains each link in the special coating construction procedure of the cargo tank in more detail. For example, in the surface pre - treatment stage, it describes the specific operation methods of sandblasting and sweep blasting in detail, including the selection of sandblasting materials, sandblasting pressure, sandblasting angle, requirements for surface roughness, and detection methods, etc.; in the painting stage, it elaborates on the specific operation steps of spray painting, roller coating, and brush painting respectively, such as the moving speed of the spray gun during spray painting, the distance from the surface to be painted, the selection of rollers and the operation force during roller coating, etc. In addition, it also includes the time interval requirements in each process, such as the minimum and maximum interval time between the painting of the primer and the painting of the intermediate coat.

Painting Scheme：Paint Schedule

It clearly presents the detailed information of various paints used for the special coating of cargo tanks in the form of a table. Including the paint name, model specification, manufacturer, dry film thickness requirement for each coat, theoretical spreading rate, estimated actual dosage, applicable parts, and number of coats, etc. At the same time, it indicates the color, curing method (such as room temperature curing, heat curing), and drying time of each paint to facilitate the construction personnel to consult and use, and ensure that the selection and use of paint meet the process requirements.

Coating Sequence：Painting Sequence

It clarifies the painting order of each layer of paint in the special coating process of the cargo tank and related requirements. It specifies the painting order of primers, intermediate coats, topcoats, etc., and explains the surface treatment requirements for the previous layer of paint before painting each layer of paint (such as light grinding, cleaning, etc.). At the same time, it elaborates on the differences in the painting order of different parts (such as the inner wall, bottom, top of the cargo tank, etc.), as well as the painting order and treatment methods for special structures (such as welds, corners, etc.) to ensure that the coating forms a continuous and uniform protective system.

Holiday Detection：Pinhole Testing

It elaborates on the relevant regulations for pinhole testing during and after the special coating of the cargo tank. Including the timing of the test (such as after each coat of paint is dried, after the final coat is completed, etc.), the testing equipment used (such as high - voltage spark detectors), and the selection criteria of the test voltage (determined according to the coating thickness). It explains the operation method of the test, such as the moving speed and coverage range of the detector probe, as well as the marking and repair requirements after finding pinhole defects, to ensure that the coating has no pinholes and good anti - leakage performance.

Heat Curing of The Coating System：Heat Curing

For coating systems that require heat curing, it details the process requirements for heat curing. Including parameters such as heat curing equipment, heating rate, curing temperature, holding time, and cooling rate. It clarifies the setting of temperature monitoring points and monitoring frequency during the heat curing process to ensure that the coating on each part of the cargo tank can reach the specified curing temperature and time. At the same time, it elaborates on the preparation work before heat curing (such as coating surface inspection, equipment debugging, etc.) and the cooling treatment requirements after heat curing to ensure that the heat curing effect meets the coating performance standards.

Salt Water Test & Repair of Defects After Completion：Salt Water Immersion Test and Repair

It specifies the specific process and requirements for the salt water immersion test after the completion of the special coating of the cargo tank. Including the standards of the seawater used in the test, the immersion time, and the inspection items during the immersion process (such as whether the coating has blistering, peeling, discoloration, etc.). If defects are found in the test, it details the repair methods for the defects, such as the surface treatment of the defective parts (grinding, cleaning, etc.), the selection of repair paint, and the painting requirements, to ensure that the performance of the repaired coating is consistent with the original coating. At the same time, it clarifies the re - inspection requirements after repair until the coating fully meets the acceptance criteria.

Acceptance：Completion and Handover

It elaborates on the conditions, procedures, and standards for the completion and acceptance of the special coating project of the cargo tank. The acceptance conditions include the completion of all special coating processes, the qualified results of various tests (such as pinhole test, thickness detection, salt water immersion test, etc.), and the complete and complete construction records. The acceptance process includes the construction unit submitting an acceptance application after self - inspection, the supervision unit and the owner unit organizing an acceptance team to conduct on - site inspection, and reviewing relevant materials. The acceptance criteria are based on the design requirements, relevant specifications, and the provisions of this process document to judge the appearance, thickness, adhesion, pinholes, and other items of the coating, and it can only pass the acceptance if it is qualified.

Surface preparation：Surface Preparation

It details the surface preparation operations before the special coating of the cargo tank. Including derusting treatment on the metal surface in the tank (such as sandblasting derusting), which is required to reach the specified derusting grade (such as Sa2.5 grade), and remove scale, rust, oil, dust, and other impurities on the surface. At the same time, the surface roughness is controlled to meet the requirements of paint coating. After the preparation is completed, the surface needs to be cleaned to ensure that there are no residual sand particles, dust, etc., and the paint is applied within the specified time to prevent the surface from rusting again.

Secondary surface preparation：Secondary Derusting

Aiming at the damage (such as local rust, welding slag, etc.) to the pre - treated surface during the welding, assembly, and other processes of the cargo tank, secondary derusting treatment is carried out. It clarifies the scope, methods (such as manual grinding, power tool grinding, etc.) and derusting grade requirements of secondary derusting to ensure that the surface of the damaged part meets the painting standards. After secondary derusting, the surface also needs to be cleaned to remove debris, dust, etc. generated during the treatment.

Paint application：Painting

It outlines the overall requirements for painting operations in the special coating of cargo tanks. Including the specifications for stirring and diluting the paint (if necessary) before painting to ensure that the paint is uniform. It emphasizes that the coating thickness must be controlled during the painting process to avoid defects such as missing coating, sagging, and pinholes. At the same time, it explains the control of the painting environment, such as the temperature and humidity must be within the specified range, and if necessary, measures such as ventilation, heating, or cooling should be taken to ensure the painting quality.

Spray - paint：Spray Painting

It describes the specific requirements for spray painting operations in detail. Including the selection of spray painting equipment (such as high - pressure airless sprayers), the model and debugging of the spray gun to ensure that the spray pressure and atomization effect meet the requirements. It specifies the moving speed of the spray gun during spray painting, the distance from the surface to be painted, the spray angle, and other parameters to obtain a uniform coating thickness. At the same time, it explains the order of spray painting (such as inside first, then outside, top first, then bottom, etc.), and the spray treatment methods for corners, welds, and other parts to ensure that these parts are fully covered.

Roller：Roller

It elaborates on the operation specifications for painting with rollers. It explains that the selection of rollers (such as material, size, etc.) should be determined according to the type of paint and the construction part. It specifies the operation methods during roller coating, such as the amount of paint dipped by the roller, the rolling direction (criss - cross), the rolling force, etc., to ensure uniform coating and avoid problems such as rolling marks and missing coating. At the same time, it emphasizes the requirements for cleaning and maintaining the rollers after use for reuse.

Brush：Paint Brush

It explains the operation points of painting with a paint brush. It is suitable for corners, narrow parts, and other places that are difficult to reach by spray painting and roller coating. It specifies the selection of the type and size of the paint brush, the brushing direction and force during painting to ensure uniform adhesion of the coating. It is required that the paint brush should be cleaned before use to avoid bringing impurities into the paint, and cleaned and maintained in time after use.

Clean：Cleaning

It emphasizes the cleaning requirements in each link of the special coating process of the cargo tank. Including the overall cleaning of the interior of the cargo tank before construction to remove dust, debris, etc.; the cleaning after surface preparation to remove rust, sand particles, etc.; the cleaning of the surface before painting to ensure no oil, dust, etc.; and the cleaning of tools and equipment during the construction process to prevent paint pollution. It clarifies the requirements for the tools used for cleaning (such as compressed air blowing, 抹布 wiping, etc.) and cleaning agents (such as special solvents) to ensure that the cleaning effect meets the process standards.

Grind：Grinding

It details the purpose and method of grinding operations. The surface is ground after surface preparation, before painting, or during coating repair to improve the adhesion of the coating. It specifies the tools used for grinding (such as angle grinders, sandpaper, etc.) and the requirements for grinding accuracy. The ground surface should be flat, free of burrs, and no gloss. At the same time, the surface must be cleaned after grinding to remove dust generated by grinding.

Sandblast, sweepblast：Sandblasting, Sweep Blasting

It elaborates on sandblasting and sweep blasting operations. Sandblasting is used for the pre - treatment of the surface of the cargo tank, removing rust and impurities on the surface by high - speed spraying of abrasives (such as quartz sand, steel shot, etc.) to reach the specified derusting grade. It specifies the sandblasting pressure, the particle size and hardness of the abrasive, the spray angle and distance, and other parameters. Sweep blasting is used to remove residual abrasives and dust on the surface after sandblasting to ensure the surface is clean. It clarifies the tools and operation methods for sweep blasting, such as using compressed air to drive fine sand for 吹扫 to ensure no residual impurities on the surface.

Paint：Coating, Paint

It covers the overall requirements for the selection, storage, use, and coating process of coatings. The selection of coatings must be determined according to the service environment of the cargo tank and the characteristics of the loaded goods to ensure that they have good corrosion resistance, adhesion, and other properties. The storage of coatings should comply with the requirements of the instructions, avoiding direct sunlight, high or low - temperature environments. The coating process must be carried out in strict accordance with the process requirements to ensure the coating quality.

Thinner：Thinner

It explains the usage specifications of thinners. Thinners are only used to adjust the viscosity of the paint when necessary to adapt to the painting process requirements. It specifies that the type of thinner must match the paint used, and mixing different types of thinners is strictly prohibited. It clarifies the amount of thinner added, which must be in accordance with the provisions of the paint instructions, and must not be increased or decreased at will to avoid affecting the performance of the paint.

Primer：Primer

It elaborates on the role and painting requirements of the primer. The primer is directly applied to the pre - treated metal surface, playing a role in rust prevention and enhancing adhesion to the substrate. It specifies the painting thickness, painting method (such as spray painting), and drying time of the primer to ensure that the primer uniformly covers the surface without defects such as missing coating and pinholes. The primer must be inspected after painting, and the next coating can be applied only if it is qualified.

Finish coating：Topcoat, Finish Coat

It explains the performance requirements and painting specifications of the topcoat. The topcoat is the outermost coating of the special coating of the cargo tank, which must have good medium resistance, weather resistance, decoration, and other properties. It specifies the painting thickness, painting method, and appearance requirements (such as flatness, smoothness, uniform color, etc.) of the topcoat. After the topcoat is painted, a comprehensive inspection must be carried out to ensure that there are no defects such as sagging, orange peel, and pinholes, and it meets the completion and acceptance standards.

Epoxy：Epoxy

It introduces the characteristics and application scope of epoxy paints. Epoxy paints have good adhesion, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance, and are suitable for parts with severe corrosive environments such as cargo tanks. It explains the curing method of epoxy paints (such as room temperature curing or heat curing), painting requirements, and the type of applicable thinner to ensure that their performance is fully exerted.

Alkyd：Alkyd Resin

It elaborates on the characteristics and usage requirements of alkyd resin paints. Alkyd resin paints have good gloss and decoration, moderate drying speed, but relatively weak corrosion resistance, and are suitable for parts with mild corrosive environments or as intermediate coats. It specifies their painting methods, drying conditions, and supporting use requirements with other types of paints.

Bitumen：Bitumen

It explains the performance and application scenarios of bitumen - based paints. Bitumen paints have good water resistance and chemical corrosion resistance, but poor decoration, and are often used in parts such as the bottom of cargo tanks that have low appearance requirements but high anti - corrosion requirements. It clarifies their painting methods, curing conditions, and storage requirements.

Acrylic：Acrylic

It introduces the characteristics of acrylic paints. Acrylic paints have excellent weather resistance, gloss retention, and chemical resistance, and dry quickly, and are suitable for the exterior of cargo tanks or parts with strong light. It explains their painting requirements, the selection of thinners, and compatibility with other coatings.

Polyurethane：Polyurethane

It elaborates on the performance and application of polyurethane paints. Polyurethane paints have good wear resistance, corrosion resistance, weather resistance, and decoration, and are suitable for parts of cargo tanks with high coating performance requirements. It specifies their painting methods (such as spray painting), curing conditions (attention to environmental humidity), and supporting use specifications with other paints.

Zinc Silicate：Zinc Silicate

It explains the characteristics and usage requirements of zinc silicate paints. Zinc silicate paints have excellent rust prevention performance and high - temperature resistance, and are often used as primers for cargo tanks or coatings in high - temperature environments. It specifies their surface treatment requirements before painting (such as derusting grade), painting thickness, and curing methods (usually requiring high - temperature curing).

Cargo tank：Cargo Tank

It clarifies the definition and special coating scope of the cargo tank. The cargo tank is a cabin used for loading cargo oil, and its inner walls and related components need special coating treatment to prevent corrosion. It explains the impact of the structural characteristics of the cargo tank on the special coating process, such as the painting requirements for parts such as ribs and stiffeners in the tank.

Cargo slop tank：Cargo Slop Tank

It elaborates on the special coating requirements for cargo slop tanks. The cargo slop tank is used to collect slop generated from the cleaning of cargo tanks, and its internal environment is relatively harsh. The special coating process must select paint systems with stronger oil resistance and corrosion