1. 什么是SOLAS？ 

 What is SOLAS?  

SOLAS 是《国际海上人命安全公约》的缩写。 

SOLAS stands for International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea .

2. 什么是IOPP？其有效期是多久？

What is IOPP? What is the valid period? 

IOPP 是《国际防止油污证书》的缩写，有效期为 5 年。

IOPP stands for International Oil Pollution Prevention certificate. It is in effect for 5 years.

3. 什么是 SOPEP？

What is SOPEP? 

 SOPEP 是《船上油污应急计划》的缩写。

SOPEP stands for Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan.

4. 什么是 ISPS？

What is ISPS?

 它是《国际船舶和港口设施保安规则》的缩写

It stands for International Ship and Port Facilities Security.

5. 什么是 STCW？

 What is STCW?

 STCW 是《海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约》的缩写。

STCW stands for International convention on standards of training, certification, and watch-keeping for seafarers.

6. 什么是《油类记录簿》？

What is an Oil Record Book?

它是船上重要的防污染文件。

It is an important oil pollution prevention document on board ship.

7. 哪类操作应记入《油类记录簿》第一部分：燃油内部转驳还是油渣处理？

Which operation should be entered into the Oil Record Book Part I, internal transfer of fuel oil or disposal of oil residues?

油渣处理应记入《油类记录簿》第一部分。

Disposal of oil residues should be entered into the Oil Record Book Part I.

8. 哪些船舶应配备《油类记录簿》第一部分？

 What kind of ships should be provided with Oil Record Book Part I?

 每艘 150 总吨及以上的油船，以及每艘 400 总吨及以上的非油船。

Every oil tanker of 150 tons gross tonnage and above, and every ship of 400 tons gross tonnage and above, other than oil tankers.

9. 向舷外排放舱底水时必须使用什么设备？

 Which equipment must be used when discharging the bilge water over board?

 排放舱底水时必须使用油水分离器。

When discharging bilge water overboard, we must use the oily water separator.

10. ORB 代表什么？

What does ORB stand for? 

它是《油类记录簿》的缩写。

It stands for Oil record book.

11. 油水分离器如何分离水和油？

 How can an oily water separator separate water and oil?

通过重力系统结合过滤装置。

Using gravity system and conjunction with filter.

12.  发现有人触电时应如何处理？

What should you do if you found a person electric shocked?

应先切断电源，然后报告并采取紧急措施施救。

We should cut off the power first, then report and take emergency action to save him.

13.  发生扫气箱火灾时应遵循什么程序？

In case of scavenge fires, what procedures should be followed?

降低发动机转速，切断受影响气缸的燃油供应，关闭所有扫气箱泄放阀。若火势未熄灭，继续遵循后续程序。

Slow down the engine, shut off fuel to the affected cylinders and close all the scavenge drains. If the fire doesn’t burn out, follow further procedures.

14.  当港口国监督检查官（PSCO）发现应急消防泵无法工作时会发生什么？

What will happen when the PSCO find that emergency fire pump fails to work?

船舶可能会被滞留，直至缺陷修复。

The ship may be detained until the deficiency is remedied.

15.  你船的二氧化碳灭火器放置在哪里？

Where are the carbon dioxide extinguishers on board your ship?

位于机舱和货舱。

They are in the engine room and cargo holds.

16.  安全检查时如何检查救生艇？

How do you check the lifeboat during safety inspection?

 检查艇机。

To check the lifeboat engine. 

17.  船上的油水分离器由谁负责？

 Who is in charge of the oily water separator on board your ship?

 由三管轮负责。

The fourth engineer is in charge of it.

18.  港口国监督（PSC）的主要目的是什么？

 What is the main purpose of PSC? 

PSC 的主要目的是核查船舶状况，消除不安全程序或缺陷，保障海上人命财产安全，并避免海洋污染。

The main purpose of the PSC is to verify the condition of the ship, to eliminate the unsafe procedures or deficiencies, to keep safety of life and property at sea and to avoid pollution at sea.

19.  救生艇机的维护和修理工作由谁负责？

Who takes charge of maintenance and repair work of the lifeboat engine?

由三管轮负责。

The fourth engineer does.

20. 若船舶在 PSC 检查中被发现严重缺陷，会发生什么？

What would happen if your ship were found serious deficiencies during the PSC inspection ? 

船舶将被滞留。

The ship would be detained.

21.  ISM 代表什么？

What does ISM stand for? 

它是《国际安全管理规则》的缩写。

It stands for International Safety Management.

22. ISM 规则的目标是什么？

What are the objectives of ISM code?

其目标是确保海上安全，防止人员伤亡，避免海洋环境和财产受损。

Its objectives are to ensure safety at sea, to prevent human injury or loss of life, and avoid the damage to marine environment and to property.

23. SMS 代表什么？

What does SMS stand for?

SMS 是《安全管理体系》的缩写。

SMS stands for Safety Management System.

24. SMC 是什么？

What is SMC? 

SMC 是《安全管理证书》的缩写。

SMC means Safety Management Certificate.

25. ISM 规则中的 DPA 是什么？

What is DPA in ISM code?

-DPA 是 “岸上指定人员” 的缩写。

DPA stands for designated person ashore.

26.  ISM 规则中的 NCR 是什么？

What is NCR in ISM Code?

NCR 是 “不符合报告” 的缩写。

NCR is a Non-Conformity Report.

27.  PSCO 代表什么？

 What does PSCO stand for? 

PSCO 是 “港口国监督检查官” 的缩写。    

PSCO stands for Port State Control Officer.

28.  向舷外排放的油含量有何要求？

What is the requirement of oil content pumped out overboard?

不超过 15ppm（百万分比）。

Not more than 15ppm.

29. 你对 MARPOL 有何了解？

What do you know about MARPOL?

 它是《国际防止船舶造成污染公约》。

It is an international convention for marine pollution.

30.  什么是 IMO 和 ILO？

 What are IMO and ILO?

 IMO 是国际海事组织的缩写，ILO 是国际劳工组织的缩写。

IMO stands for International marine organization while ILO stands for International Labor Organization.  

31.  DOC 指的是什么？

What does DOC imply?  

DOC 是《符合证明》的缩写。

DOC stands for Document of Compliance.

32.  你们多久进行一次消防演习？现场由谁指挥？

How often do you perform a fire-fighting drill? Who controls on the spot?

每月一次。现场由大副指挥；若在机舱演习，由轮机长指挥。

Once a month. The chief officer takes charges of the drill on the spot. If the drill occurs in the engine room, the chief engineer takes charge of the drill on the spot. 

33.  你们多久进行一次救生艇演习或消防演习？

How often do you have a boat drill or fire drill?

每月一次。

One month interval.

34.  当需要学习与你部门相关的新规则或法规时，由谁安排？

 When some new rules or acts referred to your department need to be studied, who will arrange it?

由二管轮安排。

The third engineer will arrange it.

35.  船上多久召开一次安全会议？

How often do you have a safety meeting on board your ship?

根据公司的安全管理体系（SMS），通常每月召开一次。

According to our company’s SMS, we usually have a safety meeting every month.

36.  你们多久进行一次溢油演习？

How often do you carry out an oil spill drill? 

每三个月一次。

Once every three months.

37.  焚烧炉的作用是什么？

What is the function of the incinerator?

焚烧炉用于焚烧油渣。

The incinerator is used to burn sludge.

38.  请至少列举三种船上的防污染设备。

Please name at least three of anti -pollution equipment on board ship. 

包括焚烧炉、油水分离器和污水处理装置。

They are the incinerator, oily water separator and sewage treatment plant.

39.  你们多久进行一次 SOPEP 演习？

How often do you have a SOPEP drill? 

每月一次。

Once a month.

40. 船上配备了哪些消防设备？

What fire fighting apparatus have you got on board?                 

配备了消防泵、应急消防泵、灭火器、二氧化碳系统等。

We’ve got quite a lot: fire pumps, emergency fire pump, fire extinguishers, and carbon dioxide system and so on.

41.  若发现船舶漏油，你会采取什么措施？

If you find your vessel leaks out oil, what measures will you take?  

立即向污染控制当局报告，同时采取积极措施控制污染。

I shall report to Pollution Control Authority immediately. Meanwhile, I shall take active measure to control the pollution.

42.  机舱消防设备由谁负责？包括哪些设备？

Who takes charge of fire fighting appliance in the engine room? What does it include?

由二管轮负责，包括大型固定灭火装置、二氧化碳灭火器、消防泵等。

The third engineer. Large fixed installation, CO2 extinguisher, fire pump and so on.

43.  你能列举一些船上的关键设备吗？

Could you list some key equipment on board? 

包括报警装置、固定灭火设备、救生设备和应急设备等。

Alarm, fixed fighting equipment, lifesaving equipment and emergency and so on.

44.  应急消防泵应多久测试一次？

How often should the emergency fire pump be tested?

 应急消防泵应每周测试一次。

The emergency fire pump should be tested weekly.

45.  如何测试应急消防泵？

How to test the emergency fire pump?

启动柴油机或电动机，打开吸入阀，关闭排出阀，检查海水压力。

Start the diesel engine or the motor with the suction valve open and discharge valve closed. Check the seawater pressure.

46.  如何处理舱底水？

How do you deal with your bilges?

 通过油水分离器向舷外排放。

We discharge them overboard through oily water separators.

47.  应急发电机应多久测试一次？

How often should the emergency generator be tested?

应急发电机应每月测试一次。

The emergency generator should be tested once a month.

48.  远洋船舶多久进行一次消防演习？

How often is the fire drill carried out on ocean -going vessels? 

 通常每月一次。

Usually once a month.

49.  在所有涉及海上安全的国际公约中，哪一个最重要？

Which convention is the most important of all international conventions dealing with maritime safety?

 《国际海上人命安全公约》（SOLAS）最重要。

The SOLAS convention is the most important.

50.   ISPS 代表什么？

What does ISPS stand for? 

它是《国际船舶和港口设施保安规则》的缩写。

It stands for International Ship and Port Facility Security.

51.   ISPS 规则中的 SSO 代表什么？

What does SSO stand for in the ISPS Code?

 SSO 是 “船舶保安 officer” 的缩写。

SSO stands for the Ship Security Officer.

52.   ISPS 规则中的 CSO 代表什么？

What does CSO stand for in the ISPS Code? 

CSO 是 “公司保安 officer” 的缩写。

It stands for Company Security Officer. 

53.  ISPS 规则中的 SSP 代表什么？

What does SSP stand for in the ISPS Code?

SSP 是《船舶保安计划》的缩写。 

It stands for Ship Security plan.

54.  ISPS 规则中的 SSA 代表什么？

What does SSA stand for in the ISPS Code?

SSA 是《船舶保安评估》的缩写。

It stands for Ship Security Assessment.

55.   ISPS 规则中的 DOS 代表什么？

What does DOS stand for in the ISPS Code?

DOS 是《保安声明》的缩写。

It stands for Declaration of Security. 

56.  ISPS 规则中的 SSAS 代表什么？

What does SSAS stand for in the ISPS Code?

SSAS 是《船舶保安报警系统》的缩写。

It stands for Ship Security Alert System.

57.  ISPS 规则中的 ISSC 代表什么？

What does ISSC stand for in the ISPS Code?

ISSC 是《国际船舶保安证书》的缩写。

It stands for International Ship Security Certificate.

58.  ISPS 规则中的 PFSO 代表什么？

What does PFSO stand for in the ISPS Code? 

PFSO 是 “港口设施保安 officer” 的缩写。

It stands for Port Facility Security Officer.

59.  ISPS 规则中的 RSO 代表什么？

What does RSO stand for in the ISPS Code?

RSO 是 “认可的保安组织” 的缩写。

It stands for Recognized Security Organizations. 

60.  你们多久进行一次保安演习？

How often do you perform security drills?

每三个月一次。

Once every three months.

61.  负责值班的轮机员何时应呼叫轮机长？

When will an engineer in charge of watch call the Chief Engineer? 

 当发生机械损坏或故障，或在任何其他不确定如何行动的紧急情况下。

When engine damage of malfunction occurs or in any other emergency situations when he is unsure of the action to take.

62.   什么是关键设备和系统？

What is the Critical Equipment and System?

 关键设备和系统指那些突然丧失功能或在手动 / 自动启动时无法响应，可能引发高风险情况或重大事故的设备。例如：主机、舵机等。

Critical equipment and system refer to those whose sudden loss of functional capability or failure to respond when activated manually or automatically may create high risk situations or major accidents. For example, main engine, steering gear and so on.

63.   什么是关键操作和临界状态？

What are the critical operations and conditions?

关键操作和临界状态是指存在重大风险，可能导致人员重伤、船舶损坏、货物或其他财产损失或环境破坏的操作。

Critical Operations and Conditions are those which have a significant risk of causing major injuries or illness to people, or damage to ship, cargo, other property and/or the environment.

64.  什么叫险情？请举例说明。

What is a near accident? Please give an example to show your understanding.

险情是一种潜在危险，若恶化则会演变为事故。例如：两条船非常靠近地航行。

The near accident is a kind of potential danger. If it is worse, it will become an accident. For example, two ships are in close quarters situation. 

65.  大管轮的主要职责是什么？

What is the main duty of the 2/E? 

大管轮负责值 04:00-08:00 和 16:00-20:00 的班，在轮机长领导下负责所有机械设备及相关设备的操作与维护。

The Second Engineer is responsible for watching at periods of 0400-0800 hours and 1600-2000hrs. He is responsible to the Chief Engineer for the operation and maintenance of all machinery and associated equipment.

66.  二管轮的主要职责是什么？

What is the main duty of the 3/E? 

 二管轮值 00:00-04:00 和 12:00-16:00 的班，负责发电机、燃油分油机，以及燃油加装和转驳操作。

The third engineer stands watch from 0000 to 0400 and from 1200 to 1600 hours. He is responsible for generators and fuel oil separators, as well as bunkering and fuel transfer operation.

67.  三管轮的主要职责是什么？

What is the main duty of the 4/E?

 三管轮值 08:00-12:00 和 20:00-24:00 的班，负责锅炉、泵、甲板设备和防污染设备。

The fourth engineer stands watch from o800 to 1200 and from 2000 to 2400 hours. He is responsible for boilers, pumps, decks equipment and pollution prevention equipment.

68.  轮机长的主要职责是什么？

What is the main duty of the C/E? 

 轮机长全面负责船上所有机电设备的安全和有效运行。

The Chief Engineer is ultimately responsible for the safe and efficient running of all mechanical and electric machinery shipboard equipment.

69.  ISM 规则的目的是什么？

What is the purpose of the ISM Code?

ISM 规则的目的是提供针对船舶安全管理和操作以及防污染的一个国际标准。确保海上安全、人员安全，避免环境和财产受损。

 The purpose of this Code is to provide an international standard for the safe management and operation of ship’s of ships and for pollution prevention. Ensure safety at sea, human injury, and prevent avoid damage to the environment and property.

70.  所有船员应接受哪些基本安全培训？

What basic safety training shall all crew members received?

消防、救生、防污染和急救培训。

Fire fighting, life saving, pollution prevention and first aids.

71.  除指定的值班职责外，轮机值班人员还应知晓什么？

What shall the engineering watch keeper know in addition to their assigned watch-keeping duties?  

轮机值班人员应知晓如何处理紧急情况。         .

The engineering watch keeper know how to deal with the emergency situations.

72.  对不符合 ISM 规则的船舶将采取什么执法行动？

What enforcement action would be taken on the vessels without being in compliance with the ISM Code?

 滞留船舶。

Detaining.

73.  安全管理体系（SMS）包含哪些关键要素？

What key elements does a Safety Management System include? 

安全与环境保护政策、权责层级、事故和不符合报告程序、应急响应、审核与评审。

Safety and environmental protection policy, levels of authority, procedures for reporting accidents and non-conformities, emergency responses audits and reviews.

74. 《MARPOL 73/78 公约》由什么组成？

What does MARPOL 73/78 consist of? 

MARPOL 公约包含旨在防止和减少船舶污染的规则，以及六个技术附则。

MARPOL consist of regulation aimed at preventing and minimizing pollution from ships as well as six technical annexes.

75.  SOPEP 应包含哪些内容？

What shall SOPEP consist of?

应急联系方式、防污染设备、油污应变部署表、事故发生时的报告程序等。

Emergency contacts anti-pollution equipment, muster list for oil pollution, report procedure when accident occurs, and so on.