当船舶主机突发失控时，必须立即启动以下应急措施，防止碰撞、搁浅等事故发生：
When a ship’s main engine suddenly loses control, the following emergency measures must be activated immediately to prevent collisions, groundings, and other accidents:

值班驾驶员行动
Actions of the Deck Officer on Watch

1. 立即采取应急控船措施（如借助余速调整舵向），避免发生碰撞或搁浅。
Take immediate emergency ship-handling actions (e.g., adjusting the rudder using residual speed) to avoid collisions or groundings.
2. 立即向船长报告主机失控情况。
Report the main engine failure to the Master without delay.
3. 显示“失控船”号灯或号型，待主机恢复正常后立即撤除。
Display "Not Under Command" lights or shapes, and remove them once the engine resumes normal operation.
4. 通过VHF16频道通报附近船舶本船状态，提醒其注意避让。
Inform nearby vessels of the ship’s status via VHF Channel 16 to alert them to keep clear.
5. 将舵机切换为人工操作模式。
Switch the steering gear to manual operation mode.
6. 若处于沿岸航行，应尽量操纵船舶远离岸边，扩大安全缓冲距离。
If navigating in coastal waters, manoeuvre the ship as far from the shore as possible to increase the safety buffer.
7. 测算船舶漂移方向和速度，为后续处置提供数据支持。
Calculate the ship’s drift direction and speed to support subsequent response measures.

值班轮机员行动
Actions of the Duty Engineer

1. 根据现场实际情况，将主机控制模式切换为集控室控制或机旁手动控制。
Switch the main engine control mode to centralized control room or local manual control based on on-site conditions.
2. 立即向驾驶台和轮机长报告故障情况。
Immediately report the fault to the bridge and Chief Engineer.
3. 分析故障的直接原因及潜在风险，按照轮机长的指令执行应急操作。
Analyze the direct cause of the fault and potential risks, and execute emergency operations as instructed by the Chief Engineer.

轮机长及其他轮机员行动
Actions of the Chief Engineer and Other Engineers

1. 轮机长接到报告或察觉故障后，立即进入机舱集控室，指挥应急处置工作。
Upon receiving the report or detecting the fault, the Chief Engineer shall immediately proceed to the engine room control room to direct emergency response efforts.
2. 其他轮机员立即到机舱集控室集合，按照轮机长的指示开展抢修工作。
Other engineers shall immediately assemble in the engine room control room and carry out repair work as directed by the Chief Engineer.

船长行动
Actions of the Master

船长接到报告或发现主机异常后，立即前往驾驶台统筹指挥处置工作：
Upon receiving the report or detecting abnormalities in the main engine, the Master shall immediately proceed to the bridge to coordinate and command the response:

a. 布置（Arrangement）

- 加强驾驶台瞭望，密切关注周边船舶动态。
Enhance lookout on the bridge and closely monitor the movements of nearby vessels.
- 通过多种手段（如GPS、雷达）定位，确定船舶漂移方向和速度，测量水深，分析潮汐、流向及天气海况。
Fix the ship’s position using multiple methods (e.g., GPS, radar), determine the drift direction and speed, measure water depth, and analyze tides, currents, weather, and sea conditions.
- 若处于可抛锚水域，提前备好锚具，以备应急使用。
Standby the anchor for emergency use if in anchorable waters.
- 根据事态严重程度，向公司及相关海事部门报告。
Report to the company and relevant maritime authorities based on the severity of the situation.

b. 处理（Action）

- 评估船舶位置、运动趋势及主机损坏程度，组织船员全力抢修。
Assess the ship’s position, movement trend, and extent of main engine damage, and organize the crew to carry out emergency repairs.
- 若无法立即修复，优先将船舶转移至安全水域（如开阔水域或锚地）抛锚，在稳定状态下继续抢修。
If immediate repair is not possible, prioritize moving the ship to safe waters (e.g., open waters or anchorage) to drop anchor, then continue repairs in a stable state.
-若船员无法自行修复，应立即向公司报告，并根据当时环境（船位、天气、海况及机损情况等）准备符合救助合同程序的求助信息；
If the crew cannot repair the engine independently, report to the company immediately and prepare salvage request information in line with salvage contract procedures, based on factors such as ship position, weather, sea conditions and engine damage。