一、SOLAS 公约对救生圈的基础要求

SOLAS（国际海上人命安全公约）中对船上配备的救生圈有明确要求（具体内容可参考规范细节如下）。 

Regulation 7 

Personal life-saving appliances 

Lifebuoys 

1.1 Lifebuoys complying with the requirements of paragraph 2.1.1 of the Code shall be:

     .1 so distributed as to be readily available on both sides of the ship and as far as practicable on allopen decks extending to the ship's side; at least one shall be placed in the vicinity of the stern; and 

     .2 so stowed as to be capable of being rapidly cast loose, and not permanently secured in any way.1.2 At least one lifebuoy on each side of the ship shall be fitted with a buoyant lifeline complying with therequirements of paragraph 2.1.4 of the Code equal in length to not less than twice the height at which it isstowed above the waterline in the lightest seagoing condition, or 30 m, whichever is the greater. 

1.3 Not less than one half of the total number of lifebuoys shall be provided with lifebuoy self-igniting lightscomplying with the requirements of paragraph 2.1.2 of the Code; not less than two of these shall also beprovided with lifebuoy self-activating smoke signals complying with the requirements of paragraph 2.1.3 of theCode and be capable of quick release from the navigation bridge, lifebuoys with lights and those with lightsand smoke signals shall be equally distributed on both sides of the ship and shall not be the lifebuoys providedwith lifelines in compliance with the requirements of paragraph 1.2.

二、Circ.1331 对登乘船设施中救生圈的特殊要求

Circ.1331（相关通函）针对登乘船设施，对救生圈提出了额外要求，核心如下：

● 要求配备带自亮灯和救生索的救生圈。

三、不同规范间的要求差异

SOLAS 与 Circ.1331 的冲突点

● SOLAS中未要求救生圈同时配备自亮灯和救生索；

● 明确规定：驾驶室两侧应使用的 带自亮灯的救生圈 和 带自亮灯及自发烟雾信号的救生圈 ，不允许配备救生索。 

对 A.1116 (30) 决议的影响 

上述 Circ.1331 的特殊要求，直接导致需要 A.1116 (30) 决议补充相关标识 即 —— 带自亮灯和救生索的救生圈的专属标志。（注：A.1116 (30) 决议为 2017 年 12 月 IMO 第 30 次大会通过的《脱险通道标志和设备位置标识》，其制定时参考了经 MSC.82 (70) 决议修正的 A.760 (18) 决议《与救生设备和装置有关的符号》，以及 A.952 (23) 决议《船舶防火控制图识别符号》，目的是统一应急设备和集合站位置的国际标识。）

四、关于 带自发烟雾信号和救生索的救生圈 的合规性分析

●现有规范的空白 

· SOLAS 中未明确禁止配备带自发烟雾信号和救生索的救生圈 ；

· A.1116 (30) 决议中也没有该类型救生圈的对应标识。 

●潜在问题

若船上配备带自发烟雾信号和救生索的救生圈 ，可能存在合规性风险：

· 因缺乏对应的救生设备标识，不符合 A.1116 (30) 关于设备标识统一的要求。

●结论与建议

若上述分析成立，建议在 SOLAS 公约中明文禁止使用带自发烟雾信号和救生索的救生圈，以消除规范空白带来的执行困惑。