Glossary of Terms|术语表

1.Best Practices:

最佳实践：

Are approaches, procedures or tools that ship managers use to operate their vessels more safely, greener, smarter and above minimum compliance.

系指船舶管理者操作船舶时采取的一些更为安全、环保、灵活以及符合最低要求的方法、步骤或工具。

2. Broken Stowage:

亏舱：

Broken stowage is lost cargo space in the holds of a vessel due to the contour of the hull and / or the shape of the cargo. Dunnage, ladders, and stanchions are example of broken stowage. Broken stowage is shown as a percentage figure, which is an estimation of the space that will be lost.

亏舱系指因船体轮廓或货物形状而在船舱内失去的货物空间。比如垫料、梯子和支柱等。亏舱用百分数表示，可预估损失的空间大小。

3.Capesize:

好望角型：

Bulk carriers with deadweight of above 90,000 tonnes.

系指载重吨在90,000公吨以上的散货船。

4.Cargo Unit:

货物单元：

Cargo unit means a vehicle, container, flat, pallet, portable tank, packaged unit, or any other entity, etc., and loading equipment, or any part thereof, which belongs to the ship but is not fixed to the ship (Assembly resolution A.489 (XII)).

货物单元系指车辆、集装箱、平台、货盘、可移动罐柜、包装组件或其他货物实体，以及那些没有固定在船上的装卸设备或其任何部件，都可被认为是货物单元（大会决议A.489(XII)）。

5.Company:

船公司：

The company means the owner of the ship, or any other organisation such as a ship manager or bareboat charterer who has assumed the responsibility for operation of the ship from the owner of the ship, including the duties and responsibilities imposed by the International Safety management (ISM) Code. This company would normally be the name recorded on the ship’s Document of Compliance. May also referred to as vessel’s manager (SOLAS) Chapter IX/1, 2014.

船公司系指船东，或从船东那里承担船舶运营责任，包括《国际安全管理(ISM)准则》中规定的义务和责任的其他任何组织，如船舶管理公司或光船承租人。公司名通常是记录在船公司符合证书上的名称，或者是船舶管理公司的名称(SOLAS)第九章第一节，2014。

6.Competent Authority:

主管部门：

A minister, government department or other authority empowered to issue regulations, orders or other instructions having the force of law.

有权发布具有法律效力的规定、命令或其他指示的部长、政府部门或其他管理部门。

7.Competent Person:

适任人员：

A person possessing the knowledge and experience required for the performance of thorough examinations and tests of lifting appliances and loose gear and who is acceptable to the competent authority.

系指具备相关知识和经验，能对起重设备和可拆卸装置进行详细检查测试，并为主管部门所认可的人员。

8.Dunnage:

垫料：

Materials of various types, often timber or matting, placed among the cargo for separation, to increase the friction between the base of the cargo unit and the deck. This spreads the load of cargo unit across the deck, and hence provides ventilation; protection from damage and, with certain cargoes, provides space in which the fork lift’s tynes truck may be inserted.

系指放置在货物中间起分隔作用的各种不同类型的材料，通常是木材或铺垫，用以增加货物单元底部与甲板之间的摩擦力。垫料可以将货物单元的载荷分散到整个甲板上，从而有助于货物通风，防止货物损坏。对于某些货物，它提供了可进行叉车作业的空间。

9.Ex-Rated Equipment:

专用设备：

Equipment that has been classified as safe for use in hazardous areas.

系指被归类为可在危险区域安全使用的设备。

10.Flag Administration:

船旗国政府：

The maritime administration of a vessel’s country of registry.

系指船舶注册国的海事主管机关。

11.Flag State:

船旗国：

The Government of the nation whose flag a vessel is entitled to fly.

船旗国是允许船舶悬挂其船旗的国家。

12.Fumigator-In-Charge:

熏蒸机负责人：

A person designated by a fumigation company, government agency or appropriate authority.

系指由熏蒸公司，政府机构或有关部门指定的人员。

13.Gravity-Based Self-Unloading Vessel:

重力式自卸船：

A bulk carrier equipped with a self-unloading system that includes hoppered hold, gravity gate, belt conveyor, elevating system and discharge boom. This type of vessel delivers free-flowing dry bulk commodities. This system has the ability to discharge on shore or to an offshore facility.

系指配备有自卸系统的散装货船，该自卸系统包括漏斗货舱、重力闸门、带式输送机、提升系统和卸料臂。这类船只运送可自由流动的干散货。该系统具有将货物卸载到岸上或近岸设施的能力。

14.Handymax:

大灵便型

Bulk carriers with a deadweight of up to 60,000 tonnes.

系指载重吨不超过60,000公吨的散货船。

15.Heavy-Lift:

重件货

There is no standard definition of a heavy lift in weight terms, although the cargo insurance policy may set a weight figure as part of the critical item criteria. However, for the purpose of this inspection assessment and questionnaire the term ‘heavy lift’ means a cargo that weighs more than 50 tonnes.

虽然货物保险单可以设置一个重量数字作为关键项目标准的一部分，但在有关重量方面的术语里，并没有关于重件货的标准定义。然而，就本检验评估和调查表而言，术语“重件货”系指重量超过50公吨的货物。

16.High Modulus Synthetic Fibre:

高模量合成纤维：

Manmade, continuous filament synthetic fibre with modulus in the range of 50-150 GPa.

系指模量在50-150GPa范围内的人造连续长丝合成纤维。

17.Hybrid Self-Unloading Vessel:

混合式自卸船:

A bulk carrier equipped with both deck cranes and belt conveyor on-board. The hybrid self-unloading system includes conventional cargo hold, deck crane, hopper, belt conveyor and discharge boom. This system has the ability to discharge on-shore or to an off-shore facility.

系指船上同时配备甲板起重机和带式输送机的散装货船。混合式自卸系统包括传统货舱、甲板起重机、料斗、带式输送机和卸料臂。该系统具有将货物卸载到岸上或近岸设施的能力。

18.Industry Recommendations:

行业建议：

RightShip supports and endorses particular methods of working or procedure.

系指RightShip支持和认可的特定工作方法或程序。

19.Line Design Break Force (LDBF):

缆绳设计破断力(LDBF)：

Is the minimum force that a new, dry, spliced mooring line will break at when tested according to appendix B of Mooring Equipment

Guidelines (MEG4). This is for all mooring line and tail materials, except those manufactured from nylon which are tested wet and spliced. This

value is declared by the manufacturer on each line’s mooring line certificate and is stated on a manufacturer’s line data sheet.

系指根据《系泊设备指南》(MEG4) 附录B进行测试时，一根新的、干燥的、拼接的系泊缆绳的最小破断力。这适用于所有系泊缆绳和尾索材料，但尼龙制的那些缆绳要经湿法和拼接测试。该值由制造商在每根系泊缆绳的证书上声明，并在制造商的缆绳数据表上注明。

20.Loose Gear:

可卸设备：

An item of equipment that can be used to attach a load to a lifting appliance but does not form an integral part of the appliance or load. This includes a block, shackle, hook, swivel, connecting plate, ring, chain block or hoist, chain or overhauling weight.

系指可用于将负载固定到起重机械上的设备，但它不构成该机械或负载的组成部分。可卸设备包括滑车、卸扣、吊钩、旋转接头、连接板、环、链块或提升机、链或检修重物。

21.Mental Health:

心理健康：

According to the World Health Organization, mental health is “a state of well-being in which every individual realises his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community.”

根据世界卫生组织的说法，心理健康是“一种幸福的状态，在这种状态下，每个人都能发挥自己的潜力，能够应对正常的生活压力，能够富有成效地工作，并能够为自己的社区做出贡献。”

22.Mental Disorders:

精神障碍：

Mental disorders comprise a broad range of problems, with different symptoms. However, they are generally characterized by some combination of abnormal thoughts, emotions, behaviour and relationships with others. Examples are schizophrenia, depression, intellectual disabilities and disorders due to drug abuse. Most of these disorders can be successfully treated.

精神障碍包括一系列的问题，有不同的症状。然而，它们通常表现为异常的思想，情绪，行为和与他人之间的关系的某种结合。例如精神分裂症、抑郁症，因滥用药物而导致的智力残疾和障碍。这些病症大多可以成功治疗。

23.Out of Gauge:

超限货物：

The term out-of-gauge refers to any cargo that has dimensions that exceed the normal dimensions of a standard shipping container.

系指尺寸超过标准集装箱的正常尺寸的任何货物。

24.Panamax:

巴拿马型

Bulk carriers of between 60,000 to 90,000 deadweight tonnes.

系指载重吨在60,000-90,000公吨之间的散货船。

25.Planned Maintenance System (PMS):

计划保养系统：

The parts(s) of the company’s Safety Management System (SMS) that address inspection, maintenance and repair of the ship.

系指公司安全管理系统(SMS)中涉及船舶检查、保养和维修的部分。

26.Ro-Ro Ship:

滚装船：

A ship which has one or more decks (either closed or open), not normally subdivided in any way and generally running the entire length of the ship in which goods (packaged or in bulk; in/on road vehicles-including road tank vehicles-trailers, containers, pallets, demountable or portable tanks; or in/on similar cargo transport units or other receptacles) can be loaded or unloaded normally in a horizontal direction.

滚装船系指具有一个或多个封闭或开放甲板的船舶，通常不会分舱，并且整条船共同行驶，其货物（包装的或散装的；道路车辆-包括公路罐车、公路拖车、集装箱、托盘、可拆卸或便携式罐车；或类似的货物运输单元或其他容器）一般以水平方式装载和卸载。

27.Safety Management System (SMS):

安全管理系统

The Company’s documented quality management system provided on board the vessel and in the office which addresses the requirements of the IMO ISM Code.

系指公司在船上和办公室提供的文件化质量管理体系，符合IMO和ISM规则的要求。

28.Ship Design Minimum Breaking Load (Ship design MBL):

船舶设计最小破断载荷（船舶设计MBL）：

Is the stated value around which a ship’s mooring system is designed and established at the ship design stage.

系在船舶设计阶段设计和建立船舶系泊系统所依据的规定值。

29.Statutory Requirements:Inspection Ship Questionnaire (RISQ)

法定要求：

Statutory requirements are those that are required by law. These requirements are non-negotiable and must be complied with.

The following are agreed definitions for terms used within this questionnaire.

The minimum breaking load of new, dry mooring lines for which a ship’s mooring system is designed, to meet IACS standard environmental criteria restraint requirements. The ship design MBL is the core parameter against which all the other components of a ship’s mooring system are sized and designed with defined tolerances.

法定要求是指法律所要求的。这些要求是不可商量的，必须遵守。

以下是本调查表所用术语的商定定义。

船舶设计最小破断载荷(船舶设计MBL)是新的、干燥的系泊缆绳的最小破断负荷，符合国际船级社协会(IACS)标准环境条件的约束力要求。船舶设计MBL是核心参数，船舶系泊系统的所有其他组件根据该参数进行尺寸设计，并具有规定的公差。

30.Sub-Freezing Temperature:

亚冻结温度：

Colder than the temperature at which water freezes. (i.e. colder than 32°F or 0°C)

系指低于水结冰的温度（即低于32华氏度或0摄氏度）。

31.Working Load Limit:

工作负荷极限：

The maximum load that a mooring line should be subjected to in operational service, calculated from the standard environmental criteria. The WLL is expressed as a percentage of ship design MBL and should be used as a limiting value in both ship design and operational mooring analyses. During operation, the WLL should not be exceeded.

In the same way that SWL is a limit for fixed equipment, the WLL value is used as a limit with the standard environmental criteria and mooring layout when establishing mooring system designs. Steel wire ropes have a WLL of 55% of the ship design MBL and all other cordage (synthetic) have a WLL of 50% of the ship design MBL.

工作负荷极限（WLL）是根据标准环境条件计算出的系泊缆绳在运行使用中应承受的最大负荷。工作负荷极限（WLL）以船舶设计最小破断载荷（MBL）的百分比表示，在船舶设计和系泊操作分析中均应用作极限值。在缆绳操作过程中不应超过工作负荷极限（WLL）。

与安全工作负荷（SWL）是固定设备的极限一样，在进行系泊系统的设计时，工作负荷极限（WLL）值也将用作标准环境条件和系泊布局的极限。钢丝绳的工作负荷极限（WLL）为船舶设计最小破断载荷（MBL）的55％，而所有其他缆绳（合成纤维）的工作负荷极限（WLL）为船舶设计最小破断载荷（MBL）的50％。