一、总体评价

本次对该新造船油漆工程进行了全面检验，整体而言，油漆施工基本符合相关规范和设计要求，涂层系统的选择与船舶各区域的使用需求相匹配，施工工艺大体规范，多数区域的涂层质量达到了预期标准。但在部分细节部位仍存在一些问题，需要进行整改完善。

Overall, the comprehensive inspection of the new ship's painting project shows that the paint construction basically meets the relevant specifications and design requirements. The selection of the coating system matches the usage needs of various areas of the ship. The construction process is generally standardized, and the coating quality in most areas meets the expected standards. However, there are still some problems in some detailed parts that need to be rectified and improved.

二、各环节检验情况

（一）施工前准备

技术资料方面，船舶涂装设计图纸及相关工艺文件齐全、规范，明确了各部位油漆的型号、规格、层数、膜厚要求以及配套体系，为油漆施工提供了准确的依据。

工具与材料方面，所使用的动力打磨工具、手动打磨工具、测厚仪等设备性能良好，符合施工要求；油漆材料的型号、规格与设计一致，且均在保质期内，储存条件符合规定，未发现结皮、沉淀等现象。安全防护方面，作业人员基本佩戴了符合标准的个人防护装备，施工区域设置了安全警示标识，高空、密闭空间等特殊作业环境也制定了相应的安全措施，但个别区域的通风设备运行效果有待提升。

(I) Preparation before construction

In terms of technical data, the ship painting design drawings and related process documents are complete and standardized, specifying the model, specification, number of layers, film thickness requirements and supporting system of paint for each part, providing an accurate basis for paint construction.In terms of tools and materials, the power grinding tools, manual grinding tools, thickness gauges and other equipment used have good performance and meet the construction requirements; the model and specification of paint materials are consistent with the design, all are within the shelf life, the storage conditions meet the regulations, and no skinning, precipitation and other phenomena are found.In terms of safety protection, the operators basically wear standard personal protective equipment, safety warning signs are set in the construction area, and corresponding safety measures are formulated for special working environments such as high altitude and confined spaces, but the operation effect of ventilation equipment in individual areas needs to be improved.

（二）损伤区域处理

损伤类型判断准确，能够清晰区分机械损伤、焊接烧损、锈蚀等不同类型的损伤，并采取了针对性的处理措施。损伤区域清理较为彻底，对于机械损伤和焊接烧损区域，去除了松动油漆、焊渣、毛刺等杂质，并进行了打磨平整处理，边缘处打磨成了合适的坡度；锈蚀区域的除锈工作达到了 ISO 8501-1 标准中的 Sa2.5 级或 St3 级要求，钢材表面呈现均匀的金属色泽。表面清洁工作基本到位，使用干净的揩布或压缩空气清除了表面的灰尘、碎屑等杂质，油污污染部位也进行了清洗，但少数角落仍有少量残留杂质。

(II) Handling of damaged areas

The damage types are accurately judged, and different types of damages such as mechanical damage, welding burn and rust can be clearly distinguished, and targeted treatment measures are taken.The damaged area is cleaned thoroughly. For mechanically damaged and welding burned areas, loose paint, welding slag, burrs and other impurities are removed, and grinding and leveling treatment is carried out, with the edges ground into a suitable slope; the derusting work in rusty areas meets the requirements of Sa2.5 or St3 level in ISO 8501-1 standard, and the steel surface presents a uniform metallic luster.The surface cleaning work is basically in place. Clean rags or compressed air are used to remove dust, debris and other impurities on the surface, and oil-contaminated parts are also cleaned, but there are still a small amount of residual impurities in a few corners.

（三）油漆修补施工

底漆涂装：底漆的选择符合设计要求，搅拌均匀，双组分底漆按规定比例加入固化剂并充分搅拌，且进行了适当的熟化。涂装方法得当，小面积区域采用刷涂或滚涂，大面积区域采用喷涂，底漆干膜厚度基本符合设计要求，通过湿膜测厚仪的现场监控保证了干膜厚度。中间漆涂装：在底漆干燥后进行，搅拌均匀并根据需要加入了适量稀释剂调整黏度。涂装方法与底漆类似，涂层均匀性和完整性较好，干膜厚度符合设计要求，检测控制到位。面漆涂装：选用了与原船舶面漆相同型号和颜色的油漆，涂装前进行了充分搅拌和过滤。大面积平整表面采用喷涂，边角等不易喷涂部位采用刷涂或滚涂，涂层厚度控制较好，光泽度和颜色均匀性与原面漆基本一致，但个别部位存在轻微的流挂现象。

(III) Paint repair construction

Primer painting: The selection of primer meets the design requirements, it is stirred evenly, the two-component primer is added with curing agent in the specified proportion and fully stirred, and appropriate curing is carried out. The painting method is proper, brush coating or roller coating is used for small areas, and spray coating is used for large areas. The dry film thickness of the primer basically meets the design requirements, and the dry film thickness is guaranteed through on-site monitoring with a wet film thickness gauge.Intermediate coat painting: It is carried out after the primer is dry, stirred evenly and added with an appropriate amount of thinner to adjust the viscosity as needed. The painting method is similar to that of the primer, the coating uniformity and integrity are good, the dry film thickness meets the design requirements, and the detection and control are in place.Topcoat painting: The same type and color of paint as the original ship topcoat is selected, and fully stirred and filtered before painting. Spraying is used for large flat surfaces, and brushing or rolling is used for corners and other parts that are not easy to spray. The coating thickness is well controlled, and the gloss and color uniformity are basically consistent with the original topcoat, but there is a slight sagging phenomenon in individual parts.

（四）质量检验

外观检查：多数修补区域的涂层表面平整、光滑，无明显流挂、气泡、针孔、漏涂、颗粒等缺陷，颜色与原涂层一致，过渡自然。但少数区域存在轻微的橘皮现象和色差。膜厚检测：使用干膜测厚仪对修补区域进行了检测，测量点分布合理，膜厚平均值基本符合设计要求，偏差在允许范围内。附着力测试：采用划格法和拉开法进行测试，结果符合设计和相关标准要求，涂层附着力良好。

(IV) Quality inspection

Appearance inspection: The coating surface of most repaired areas is flat and smooth, without obvious defects such as sagging, bubbles, pinholes, missed coating and particles, the color is consistent with the original coating, and the transition is natural. However, there are slight orange peel phenomenon and color difference in a few areas.Film thickness detection: The dry film thickness gauge is used to detect the repaired area, the distribution of measuring points is reasonable, the average film thickness basically meets the design requirements, and the deviation is within the allowable range.Adhesion test: The cross-cut method and pull-off method are used for testing, and the results meet the design and relevant standard requirements, and the coating adhesion is good.

三、存在的问题

个别区域通风设备运行效果不佳，可能影响油漆的干燥速度和施工人员的健康。少数角落在表面清洁过程中存在残留杂质，可能会影响涂层的附着力。个别部位的面漆存在轻微流挂现象，影响了涂层的外观质量。少数区域的涂层存在轻微橘皮现象和色差，与原涂层的一致性有待进一步提高。

III. Existing problems

The operation effect of ventilation equipment in individual areas is not good, which may affect the drying speed of paint and the health of construction personnel.There are residual impurities in a few corners during surface cleaning, which may affect the adhesion of the coating.The topcoat in individual parts has slight sagging, which affects the appearance quality of the coating.The coating in a few areas has slight orange peel phenomenon and color difference, and the consistency with the original coating needs to be further improved.

四、整改建议

对通风设备运行效果不佳的区域进行检修或更换，确保施工环境通风良好。组织人员对存在残留杂质的角落进行重新清理，确保表面清洁度符合要求。对于存在轻微流挂现象的面漆部位，进行适当的打磨处理后重新涂装，以保证外观质量。针对存在轻微橘皮现象和色差的区域，分析原因并采取相应的措施进行整改，如调整喷涂参数、严格控制油漆配比等，提高与原涂层的一致性。加强施工过程中的质量控制，特别是在油漆搅拌、熟化、涂装厚度控制等关键环节，确保施工质量的稳定性。对施工人员进行进一步的培训，提高其操作技能和质量意识，减少施工缺陷的产生。

IV. Rectification suggestions

Overhaul or replace the ventilation equipment in areas with poor operation effect to ensure good ventilation in the construction environment.Organize personnel to re-clean the corners with residual impurities to ensure that the surface cleanliness meets the requirements.For the topcoat parts with slight sagging, re-paint after appropriate grinding treatment to ensure the appearance quality.For the areas with slight orange peel phenomenon and color difference, analyze the reasons and take corresponding measures for rectification, such as adjusting spraying parameters, strictly controlling the paint ratio, etc., to improve the consistency with the original coating.Strengthen the quality control in the construction process, especially in the key links such as paint mixing, curing and coating thickness control, to ensure the stability of construction quality.Further train the construction personnel to improve their operating skills and quality awareness, and reduce the occurrence of construction defects.

五、结论

综合本次检验情况，该新造船油漆工程总体质量合格，但存在上述需要整改的问题。建议施工单位按照整改建议及时进行整改，整改完成并经复检合格后，方可进入下一阶段的施工或交付使用。

V. Conclusion

Based on the comprehensive inspection, the overall quality of the new ship's painting project is qualified, but there are the above-mentioned problems that need to be rectified. It is suggested that the construction unit should carry out rectification in a timely manner in accordance with the rectification suggestions. Only after the rectification is completed and passed the re-inspection can it enter the next stage of construction or be delivered for use.

检验人：[姓名]

Inspector: [Name]

检验日期：[具体日期]

Inspection Date: [Specific Date]