SIRE 2.0 讲解（4.4.1）航行和通讯
第四章 航行和通讯
4.4 通信设备和程序
4.4.1 Were the Master and officers familiar with the operation of the Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon (EPIRB) and was the...
第四章 航行和通讯
4.4 通信设备和程序
4.4.1 Were the Master and officers familiar with the operation of the Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon (EPIRB) and was the EPIRB in good order with records available to demonstrate that had it been inspected, tested and maintained as required?
船长和高级船员是否熟悉应急无线电示位标（EPIRB）的操作，且EPIRB处于良好状态并记录证明已按要求进行检查、测试和维护？
Short Question Text
问题摘要
Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon (EPIRB)
应急无线电示位标
Vessel Types
Oil, Chemical, LPG, LNG
油轮、化学品船、液化石油气船、液化天然气船
ROVIQ Sequence
Bridge
驾驶台
Publications
出版物
IMO: MSC.1/Circ.1039 Guidelines for shore-based maintenance of satellite EPIRBs
应急无线电示位标岸基维保指南
IMO: ISM Code
IMO: 国际安全管理规则
IMO: SOLAS
IMO: 国际海上人命安全公约
IMO: MSC.1/Circ.1040/Rev.2 Guidelines on annual testing of 406 mhz satellite EPIRBs
406 mhz应急无线电示位标年度测试指南。
Objective
To ensure the Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon (EPIRB) will function correctly in an emergency.
目的：确保应急示位标（EPIRB）在紧急情况下正常工作。
Industry Guidance
行业指南
IMO: MSC.1/Circ.1039 Guidelines for shore-based maintenance of satellite EPIRBs
应急无线电示位标岸基维保指南
4 Maintenance service interval
维保间隔
4.1 406 MHz satellite EPIRBs should be inspected and tested in accordance with MSC/Circ.1040.
EPIRB应按照MSC/Circ.1040要求进行检查和测试。
4. 2 Shore-based maintenance of all satellite EPIRBs, as defined in paragraph 1.2, should be carried out in accordance with these guidelines at intervals specified by the flag Administration and not exceeding 5 years. It is recommended that the maintenance be performed at the time when the battery is to be changed.
第1.2段中定义的所有卫星EPIRB的岸上维护应遵照本指南的规定，按照船旗国管理机关规定的间隔进行，且不超过5年。建议在更换电池时进行维护。
IMO: MSC.1/Circ.1040/Rev.2 Guidelines on annual testing of 406 mhz satellite EPIRBs
406 mhz应急无线电示位标年度测试指南。
1．These Guidelines are applicable to the annual testing of emergency position-indicating radio beacons (EPIRBs) that are approved to comply with the provisions of SOLAS regulation IV/15.9.
本指南适用于符合SOLAS公约IV/15.9之规定的EPIRB的年度测试。
2．The testing should be carried out by appropriately trained and approved personnel using suitable test equipment capable of performing all the relevant measurements required in these Guidelines (this testing normally will be done by a radio surveyor as part of the annual radio survey). All tests of electrical parameters should be performed in the self-test mode, if possible.
测试应由经过适当培训和批准的人员进行，使用能够执行本指南所有相关测量要求的合适测试设备（该测试通常由无线电检验员进行，作为年度无线电检验的一部分）。如有可能，所有电气参数测试均应在自检模式下进行。
3．If a distress signal is transmitted accidentally, the transmission should immediately be stopped, and the local rescue coordination centre (RCC)1 should be contacted immediately and informed. The nearest Cospas-Sarsat mission control centre (MCC) should also be informed (see also Guidelines for the avoidance of false distress alerts (resolution A.814(19), as may be updated)).
如意外发送遇险信号，应立即停止发送，并立即联系并告知当地救援协调中心（RCC）[①]。还应通知最近的全球卫星搜救系统（Cospas-Sarsat）任务控制中心（MCC）（另见《避免遇险误警报指南》（可能经更新的A.814(19)决议））。
4．The examination of the installed EPIRB should include:
安装的应急无线电示位标的检查应包括：
.1 checking position and mounting of the bracket to ensure unimpeded float-free operation;
核查托架的位置和安装以确保无阻碍的自由浮动操作；
.2 carrying out visual inspection of the EPIRB and the bracket for defects, any signs of damage, degradation or cracks to the casing, or of water ingress;
目测检查应急无线电示位标和托架的缺陷、套管破损、退化或裂缝的任何迹象、或进水的任何迹象；
.3 carrying out the beacon self-test routine, including the GNSS self-test, if applicable;
进行信标常规自测工作，包括GNSS自测（如适用）；
.4 checking that the EPIRB identification (15 Hex ID for first-generation beacons and 23 Hex ID for second-generation beacons and other required information, including, if applicable, the AIS identity (User ID)) is clearly marked on the outside of the equipment;
核查应急无线电示位标标识（用于第一代信标的15位十六进制识别码（15 Hex ID）和第二代信标的23位十六进制识别码（23 Hex ID）以及其他要求的信息，包括如适用，AIS标识（用户ID）清晰地标示在设备外面；
.5 decoding the EPIRB hexadecimal identification digits (15 Hex ID for first-generation beacons and 23 Hex ID for second-generation beacons) and other information from the transmitted signal, including, if applicable, the AIS identity (User ID), checking that the decoded information (Hex ID or MMSI/call sign data, as required by the Administration) is identical to the identification marked on the beacon;
对应急无线电示位标十六进制识别码（用于第一代信标的15 Hex ID和第二代信标的23 Hex ID）和从发送信号获取的其他信息（包括如适用，AIS标识（用户ID））进行解码，检查解码的信息（主管机关要求的Hex ID或MMSI/呼号数据）是否与示位标上标示的识别码一致；
.6 verifying that the MMSI number or radio call sign, if encoded in the beacon, corresponds with that assigned to the ship;
验证信标中编码的MMSI号码或无线电呼号与分配给船舶的号码相一致；
.7 verifying registration in an appropriate beacon registration database through documentation or through the point of contact associated with that country code;
通过文件或与国家代码有关的联系点验证信标注册数据库中的注册情况；
.8 checking the battery expiry date;
检查电池有效期；
.9 checking the hydrostatic release and its expiry date, as appropriate;
酌情核查静水力释放器及其有效期；
.10verifying the emission in the 406 MHz band using the self-test mode or an appropriate device to avoid transmission of a distress call to the satellites;
使用自测模式或适合的设备验证在406MHz波段上的发射，以避免遇险信号发送至卫星；
.11if possible, verifying emission on the 121.5 MHz frequency using the self-test mode or an appropriate device to avoid activating the SAR system;
如可能，使用自测模式或适合的设备验证在121.5MHz频率上的发射，以避免启动SAR系统；
.12verifying emission on the appropriate AIS frequencies, if applicable, using the self-test mode or an appropriate device to avoid creating false alerts;
使用自测模式或适当的设备，在适当的AIS频率（如适用）上验证发射，以避免产生误报警；
.13verifying that the EPIRB has been maintained by an approved shore-based maintenance provider at intervals required by the Administration, in accordance with the most recent revision of MSC/Circ.1039;
按MSC/Circ.1039通函的最新版本，验证应急无线电示位标已由经认可的岸基维护提供方在主管机关要求的时间间隔内进行维护；
.14 after the test, remounting the EPIRB in its bracket, checking that no transmission has been started;
测试后，把应急无线电示位标重新安放在托架内，核查未进行发送；
.15 verifying the presence of a firmly attached lanyard in good condition; the lanyard should be neatly stowed, and should not be tied to the vessel or the mounting bracket;
验证牢固连接的系索处于良好状态；系索应整齐地堆放，不得系在船舶或安装托架上；
.16 checking the presence of beacon operating instructions manual; and
核查是否有信标操作说明书；以及
.17checking the presence of pictorial instructions for manual operation visible at the location of the beacon.
核查信标位置处有可见的手动操作图示说明。
TMSA KPI 9A.1.1 requires that safety inspections are conducted at scheduled intervals by a designated Safety Officer. Safety inspections of the ship:
TMSA KPI 9A.1.1 要求由指定的安全员定期进行安全检查。船舶安全检查：
•Include all accessible areas of the ship.
包括船上所有可进入的区域。
IMO: ISM Code
IMO: 国际安全管理规则
10.1 The Company should establish procedures to ensure that the ship is maintained in conformity with the provisions of the relevant rules and regulations and with any additional requirements which may be established by the Company.
公司应制定程序，确保船舶的养护符合相关规则和规定，以及公司可能制定的任何附加要求。
IMO: SOLAS
IMO: 海上人命安全公约
Chapter IV Regulation 7
第四章 规定7
1 Every ship shall be provided with:
每艘船舶均应配备：
.6 subject to the provisions of regulation 8.3, a satellite emergency position-indicating radio beacon (satellite EPIRB) which shall be:
1台卫星应急无线电示位标（卫星EPIRB），且应考虑到第8.3条的规定，该示位标应：
1. capable of transmitting a distress alert through the polar orbiting satellite service operating in the 406 MHz band.
能通过在406 MHz频带上工作的极轨道卫星业务发送遇险警报。
2. installed in an easily accessible position.
安装于可易于到达的位置。
3. ready to be manually released and capable of being carried by one person into a survival craft.
可随时由人工释放并能由一人携入救生艇筏。
4. capable of floating free if the ship sinks and of being automatically activated when afloat; and
当船舶沉没时，能自由漂浮，并能在漂浮时自动启动发送；以及
5. capable of being activated manually.
能够被手动激活。
Chapter IV Regulation 15
第四章 规定15
9. Satellite EPIRBs shall be:
卫星EPIRB应：
.1 annually tested for all aspects of operational efficiency, with special emphasis on checking the emission on operational frequencies, coding and registration, at intervals as specified below:
每年按以下规定的间隔期进行全方位操作效用试验，着重检查操作频率发射、编码和登记；
.1.2 on cargo ships, within 3 months before the expiry date, or 3 months before or after the anniversary date, of the Cargo Ship Safety Radio Certificate.
货船在《货船无线电安全证书》期满日之前3个月内或周年日前后3个月内。
The test may be conducted on board the ship or at an approved testing station; and
试验可以在船上进行，也可以在一个经认可的试验站进行；以及
.2 subject to maintenance at intervals not exceeding five years, to be performed at an approved shore-based maintenance facility.
按不超过5年的间隔期在经认可的岸基维护站进行维护。
Inspection Guidance
检查指南
The vessel operator should have developed a procedure to ensure that EPIRBs were periodically inspected, tested and maintained, and ready for immediate use in an emergency.
船舶经营人应制定确保定期检查、测试和维护EPIRB，并准备在紧急情况下立即使用的程序。
Most EPIRB's have a self-test facility which is usually a spring-loaded switch. When activated a light will indicate that the test circuits are operating correctly and sometimes this will also activate the strobe light. It is recommended that the self-test switch be held for no more than 2 flashes of the strobe light, or no longer than 1 minute after the first self- test mode burst transmission. When the self-test is activated on a 406 MHz EPIRB, the EPIRB is allowed to radiate a single burst which is specially coded so that it is ignored by the COSPAS-SARSAT system. The EPIRB must never be tested by actual operation.
大多数EPIRB都有一个自检设备，通常是弹簧加压开关。激活时，指示灯将指示测试电路工作正常，有时也会激活闪光灯。建议在第一次自检模式突发传输后，保持自检开关的频闪时间不超过2次，或不超过1分钟。在406 MHz EPIRB上启动自检时，EPIRB可以发射一个经过特殊编码的脉冲群，以便COSPAS-SARSAT系统忽略。EPIRB不得通过实际操作进行测试。
However, self-tests will use some of the beacon’s limited battery power and should only be performed in accordance with the beacon manufacturer’s guidance.
然而，自检将使用信标有限的电池电量，并且仅能按照信标制造商的指南进行。
Suggested Inspector Actions
建议检查官的行动
•Sight, and where necessary review, the company procedure to ensure that EPIRBs were periodically inspected, tested and maintained, and ready for immediate use in an emergency.
查看且如有必要审查，确保定期检查、测试和维护EPIRB，并准备在紧急情况下立即使用的公司程序。
• Review records of periodic inspections, tests and maintenance of the EPIRB.
检查EPIRB定期检查、测试和维护记录。
•Inspect the EPIRB and associated fittings.
检查EPIRB和相关组件。
•Interview the accompanying officer to verify their familiarity with:
与陪同交流，以验证他们熟悉：
o How to conduct the self-test for the EPIRB.
如何对EPIRB进行自检
o The manufacturer's instructions on the frequency of conducting the self-test function to preserve battery life.
制造商关于执行自检功能以保持电池使用寿命的说明。
o The procedure to follow should the EPIRB be activated in non-emergency circumstances.
在非紧急情况下激活EPIRB时应遵循的程序。
o Manual operation of the EPIRB.
EPIRB的手动操作。
Expected Evidence
预期证据
•The company procedure to ensure that EPIRBs were periodically inspected, tested and maintained and ready for immediate use in an emergency.
确保定期检查、测试和维护EPIRB，并在紧急情况下立即使用的公司程序。
•The GMDSS Radio Log Book.
电台日志。
•Records of periodic inspections, tests and maintenance of the EPIRB.
EPIRB的定期检查、测试和维护记录。
Potential Grounds for a Negative Observation
负面观察项的潜在证据
•The accompanying officer was unfamiliar with the required inspection and testing of the EPIRB.
陪同人员不熟悉EPIRB所需的检查和测试
•The accompanying officer was unable to explain:
陪同人员不能解释：
o How to perform the self-test.
如何进行自检
o The procedure to follow if the EPIRB was accidentally activated in a non-emergency situation.
EPIRB在非紧急情况下意外激活时应遵循的程序。
o How to manually operate the EPIRB.
如何手动操作EPIRB。
•The EPIRB was not:
EPIRB不是:
o Armed and ready for automatic activation.
准备好自动激活。
o Capable of floating-free unimpeded or being easily manually released.
能够不受阻碍地自由漂浮或易于手动释放。
o Clearly marked with the required information and operating instructions.
清楚地标明所要求的信息和操作说明。
o Free of visible defects, signs of damage, degradation or cracks to the casing, or of water ingress.
外壳无可见缺陷、损坏、退化或裂纹迹象，或进水迹象。
•The EPIRB battery was past its expiry date
EPIRB电池已过期。
•The hydrostatic release was not in good order or past its expiry date.
静水压释放器状态不佳或过期。
•The lanyard was:
系索是：
o Tied to the vessel or the mounting bracket.
系在船上或安装支架上。
o Not in good condition and neatly stowed.
状况不佳，存放不整齐。
•Records were incomplete for:
以下方面的记录不完整：
o Periodic inspections and self-tests of the EPIRB
EPIRB的定期检查和自检。
o Annual tests for all aspects of operational efficiency.
操作性能的年度测试。
o Five-yearly maintenance at an approved shore-based maintenance facility (or more frequent if required by the flag state).
在经批准的岸基维修部门进行五年一次的维修（或船旗国要求的更为频繁的维保）。
•The EPIRB was defective in any respect.
EPIRB存在任何缺陷。
•There was no beacon operating instructions manual available.
无信标操作手册。
•There were no pictorial instructions for manual operation visible at the location of the beacon.
信标存放位置无手动操作图示说明。
- 发表于 2023-04-13 03:20
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